The etiology of cancer is multifactorial. Various factors, including physical carcinogens, chemicals and viral carcinogens affect patients with known predisposing factors who subsequently develop malignancies. Here is a retrospective study of 18 patients who developed rare malignancies in clinical situations like xeroderma pigmentosum, tuberous sclerosis, neurofibromatosis, hereditary multiple ...

STUDY DESIGN Retrospective review of spinal exostoses treated at our institution and literature review. OBJECTIVES Review of 12 cases of spinal exostoses treated at our institution compared with 165 cases of spinal exostoses reported in the literature. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA Spinal exostoses are uncommon. Most reports consist of 1 to 3 cases. The relationship between solitary exostoses ...

osteochondroma or exostosis is the most common benign bone tumor, and occurring frequently in the proximal humerus, tibia, and distal femur. it rarely affects talus. osteochondroma of talus is a very rare etiology of tarsal tunnel syndrome (tts). we report a rare case of extensive osteochondroma of the talus in a 60 year old female presenting with multiple swellings around the ankle and symptom...

We show that spatial inequalities in an economic space of multiple countries in terms of both nominal income and real income are ubiquitous in the sense that they appear when countries are differentiated by population only. A new trade theory model is constructed without any freely traded homogeneous good, so that we can examine the home market effect (HME) and the non-monotonic relation betwee...

Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) remains one of the major causes of infection in the intensive care unit (ICU) and is associated with the length of hospital stay, duration of mechanical ventilation, and use of broad-spectrum antibiotics. We compared the frequency of VAP 10 months prior to (pre-intervention group) and 13 months after (post-intervention group) initiation of the use of a heat...

Variations in spatio-temporal patterns of Human Monocytic Ehrlichiosis (HME) infection in the state of Kansas, USA were examined and the relationship between HME relative risk and various environmental, climatic and socio-economic variables were evaluated. HME data used in the study was reported to the Kansas Department of Health and Environment between years 2005-2012, and geospatial variables...

Multiple cartilaginous exostosis was diagnosed in a six-month-old Golden Retriever cross-bred male with a history of forelimb lameness and isolated, but very painful, acute episodes. Physical examination revealed a right forelimb lameness with a firm, painful palpable mass on the cranial aspect of the forearm. The radiological examination showed the presence of bony masses at the humerus and ra...

BACKGROUND Total laryngectomy (TL) is an appropriate oncologic operation for many patients with laryngeal cancer delivering excellent oncologic outcomes, however it remains beset with significant functional consequences. Following TL, the upper and lower airways are permanently disconnected, which causes unfiltered, cold air with reduced humidity to enter the tracheobronchial tree, resulting in...