Preterm infants are born during a critical period of brain maturation, in which even subtle events can result in substantial behavioral, motor and cognitive deficits, as well as psychiatric diseases. Recent evidence shows that the main source for these devastating disabilities is not necessarily white matter (WM) damage but could also be disruptions of cortical microstructure. Animal studies sh...

PURPOSE This work describes a spatially variant mixture model constrained by a Markov random field to model high angular resolution diffusion imaging (HARDI) data. Mixture models suit HARDI well because the attenuation by diffusion is inherently a mixture. The goal is to create a general model that can be used in different applications. This study focuses on image denoising and segmentation (pr...

Mapping complex crossing fibers using diffusion MRI techniques requires adequate angular precision and accuracy. Beyond diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), high angular resolution sampling schemes such as diffusion spectrum imaging (DSI) and q-ball imaging (QBI) were proposed to resolve crossing fibers. These schemes require hundreds of data approximately five to ten times more than DTI, offsetting...

L. Jonasson, P. Hagmann, J-P. Thiran, V. J. Wedeen Signal Processing Institute, EPFL, Lausanne, Vaud, Switzerland, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital and the Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States Introduction Fiber tractography on High Angular Resolution Diffusion Imaging (HARDI) data, such as Diffusion Spectra Imaging (DSI) or q-ball...

INTRODUCTION: High angular resolution diffusion imaging (HARDI) is able to capture the water diffusion pattern in areas of complex intravoxel fiber configurations. However, compared to diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), HARDI adds extra complexity (e.g., high post-processing time and memory costs, nonintuitive visualization). Separating the data into Gaussian and non-Gaussian areas can allow using...

Introduction: DTI reveals white matter microstructure and fiber pathways in the living brain by examining the 3D diffusion profile of water molecules in brain tissue. Even so, DTI-derived measures will be incorrect where fibers cross or mix, as the single tensor model cannot resolve these more complicated white matter configurations. This issue can be addressed using the model-free diffusion sp...

In this work, we propose a diffusion MRI protocol for mining Parkinson's disease diffusion MRI datasets and recover robust disease-specific biomarkers. Using advanced high angular resolution diffusion imaging (HARDI) crossing fiber modeling and tractography robust to partial volume effects, we automatically dissected 50 white matter (WM) fascicles. These fascicles connect deep nuclei (thalamus,...

Diffusion imaging is a noninvasive tool for probing the microstructure of fibrous nerve and muscle tissue. Higher-order tensors provide a powerful mathematical language to model and analyze the large and complex data that is generated by its modern variants such as High Angular Resolution Diffusion Imaging (HARDI) or Diffusional Kurtosis Imaging. This survey gives a careful introduction to the ...