BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE We have previously shown that extracellular acidity protects cultured fetal murine neocortical neurons from glutamate toxicity and combined oxygen-glucose deprivation injury, an action at least in part mediated by reduction in N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor activation. We now investigate the effect of extracellular alkalinity on both glutamate neurotoxicity and injury due ...

OBJECTIVE To compare the feasibility of treatment, safety, and toxicity of intravenous amphotericin B deoxycholate prepared in either glucose or intralipid for empirical antimycotic treatment of neutropenic cancer patients. DESIGN Single centre stratified, randomised non-blinded phase II study. SETTING University hospital providing tertiary clinical care. SUBJECTS 51 neutropenic patients ...

objective(s):  medicinal benefits of quantum dots have been proved in recent years but there is little known about their toxicity especially in vivo toxicity. in order to use quantum dots in medical applications, studies ontheir in vivo toxicity is important.  materials and methods:cdse:zns quantum dots were injected in 10, 20, and 40 mg/kg doses to male mice10 days later, mice were sacrificed ...

This study was aimed to investigate an acute toxicity and effects of Nelumbo nucifera flower extract (NNFE) on hyperglycemic and hypolipidemic effects in streptozytocin-induced diabetic rats. In vivo acute toxicity study of NNFE was carried out by once oral administration various doses (0, 500, 1000, 1500 and 2000 mg/kg) of the extract to healthy male adult Wistar rats. Sign or symptom of toxic...

Glutaredoxin 1 (Grx1) has been found to be an important endogenous antioxidant enzyme closely related to the pathogenesis of diabetes and cardiovascular diseases caused by oxidative stress. In this study, the functional changes of the Grx1 redox system in blood of hyperglycemic patients were examined. Furthermore, using a rat model of streptozotocin (STZ)- and high-fat-diet-induced type 2 diabe...

Dichloroacetate (DCA) as a small, cheap and available anticancer agent, is a pyruvate mimetic compound that stimulates the activity of pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) enzyme through inhibition of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinases (PDHK1-4). DCA turns on programed cell death (apoptosis) which suppressed in tumor cells and therefore inhibits tumor growth. DCA also interferes with the glucose uses of ca...

During the course of experiments designed to establish the site of action of oxamate on HeLa cell growth (I), we found that the oxamate inhibition of growth was greatly intensified by the presence of glucose. This has now been observed in two different types of experiments. Under conditions during which growth is not dependent on added hexose (l), the growth is much more severely inhibited by o...