BACKGROUND Manganese, an essential metal for normal growth and development, is neurotoxic on excessive exposure. Standard trace element-supplemented neonatal parenteral nutrition (PN) has a high manganese content and bypasses normal gastrointestinal absorptive control mechanisms, which places infants at risk of manganese neurotoxicity. Magnetic resonance (MR) relaxometry demonstrating short T1 ...

The present paper analyzes the effect of low aluminum additions and hot forging process on microstructure non-metallic inclusions high manganese steels. Four high-manganese steels (HMnS) were obtained by adding contents 1.1 1.5 wt. % in four medium carbon austenitic (0.3 - 0.4 wt% C) with 17 22 Samples as-cast forged to 1100 ?C obtain a whole reduction 70 %. microstructural evolution was studie...

A prior study in New York City observed that airborne concentrations of three metals found in steel - iron, manganese, and chromium - are more than 100 times higher in the subway system than in aboveground air. To investigate the potential for health effects of exposure at these levels, we conducted a pilot study of subway workers comparing personal exposures to steel dust with biomarkers of me...

In recent years, there has been a growing interest in steels of multi-phase structures, composed of a ferritic matrix, in which islets occur, that contain bainite-B, martensite-M and the untransformed austenite-A 1-9 . The multi-phase structure of steel with untransformed austenite promotes the increase of plasticity induced by the phase transformation – the TRIP effect 3-4, 6-8 . In steels con...

Boron and carbon contents are the main factors influencing properties of high-boron steel. In this study, experimental samples with different boron-to-carbon ratios (%B/%C) were prepared. The microstructures observed, their hardness, bending strength, impact toughness investigated. Results show that in investigated steel eutectic Fe2B structure a fishbone shape ternary peritectic Fe3(C, B) chry...

A theory for the diffusion–controlled growth of pearlite in steels containing manganese is presented and assessed in the light of experimental data. Given the overwhelmingly rapid diffusivity that a substitutional solute has within the transformation front, the growth rate is found to be dominated by diffusion parallel to the interface with austenite as the rate controlling step. The relevant i...