RATIONALE Penetrating astigmatic keratotomy (penetrating AK) is a well-known method to correct corneal astigmatism but rarely be performed nowadays. This article reevaluated the clinical effectiveness and confounding factors of penetrating AK. PATIENT CONCERNS Penetrating AK has been introduced to serve as one alternative operation for astigmatism correction, and is thought to have the potent...

PURPOSE To investigate the detailed distribution of corneal epithelial thickness in single sectors and its correlated characteristics in myopic eyes. METHODS SD-OCT was used to measure the corneal epithelial thickness distribution profile. Differences of corneal epithelial thickness between different parameters and some correlations of characteristics were calculated. RESULTS The thickest a...

BACKGROUND Myopia is a condition in which the focusing power (refraction) of the eye is greater than that required for clear distance vision. There are two main types of surgical correction for moderate to high myopia; excimer laser and phakic intraocular lenses (IOLs). Excimer laser refractive surgery for myopia works by removing corneal stroma to lessen the refractive power of the cornea and ...

AIMS To study the refractive development in children with Down's syndrome longitudinally. METHODS An unselected population of 60 children with Down's syndrome was followed with repeated retinoscopies in cycloplegia for 2 years or more (follow up 55 (SD 23) months). Accommodation was assessed with dynamic retinoscopy. RESULTS From longitudinal spherical equivalent values of the right eye, th...

Purpose : evaluation of the remote functional and refractive results mixed astigmatism correction in preschool children with “plus” cylinders framework a long-time longitudinal study. Material methods . 38 (75 eyes) aged 1.5–7 years (averagely 4.2 years) 0.75 to 4.25 D 1.85 D) were followed up for 6-15 7.3) years. At first examination, all prescribed permanently wear (+) 0.5 3.5 D. Over follow-...

PURPOSE To evaluate the efficacy of excimer laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) in the treatment of refractive errors after penetrating keratoplasty. METHODS Eight eyes underwent LASIK after a mean 71 months (SD 60) following the initial penetrating keratoplasty. A full ophthalmic assessment was performed before LASIK and at 1 week, 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after surgery. Mean follow-up was 8....

PURPOSE The purpose of this multi-institute, single-group clinical trial was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of toric orthokeratology lenses for the treatment of patients with combined myopia and astigmatism. METHODS A total of 44 patients were included in this clinical trial. The patients ranged in age from 7 to 49 years, with myopia of -0.75 to -6.0 diopters (D) and astigmatism of ...

PURPOSE To determine the accuracy of photorefraction and autorefraction as compared to cycloautorefraction and to detect the repeatability of photorefraction. METHODS This diagnostic study included the right eyes of 86 children aged 7-12 years. Refractive status was measured using photorefraction (PlusoptiX SO4, GmbH, Nürnberg, Germany) and autorefraction (Topcon RM800, USA) with and without ...