The suspended sediment concentration is a key element in stream monitoring, although the turbidity and acoustic Doppler backscattering may be suitable surrogate measures. Herein a series of new experiments were conducted in laboratory under controlled conditions using water and mud samples collected in a small subtropical estuary of Eastern Australia. The relationship between suspended sediment...

The flux of sensible heat and of matter is approximately height constant from a point within the atmospheric surface layer to some depth below the water surface. For the study of this flux an analogy to Ohm’s law is sometimes useful: the flux is then considered to be subjected to a series of resistances on its way from the water to the atmosphere or vice versa. In this chain of resistances, the...

The thermal dependence (0-40°C) of Na(+) flux in isolated liver cells of three endotherms (mice, rat and rabbit) was compared with that of ectotherms in the form of a thermally tolerant amphibian (cane toad), a cold-water fish (rainbow trout) and a thermophilic reptile (lizard). Mammals were found to share similar high rates of Na(+) flux (3.0-3.7 nmol Na(+) mg(-1) protein min(-1)) at their nor...

Gas phase PCB dry deposition and concentration samples were collected simultaneously between July 2004 and May 2005 at a suburban site in Bursa, Turkey. A modified water surface sampler (WSS) was employed to collect gas phase fluxes while a high-volume air sampler (HVAS) was used for concentration samples. The WSS was able to collect both particle and gas phase PCB deposition samples. The colle...

The flux of several polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from coal tar-impacted river sediment was measured under various seepage rates in a laboratory scale. The batch PAH equilibrium data between aqueous phase (C(eq)) and sediment phase was well-explained using a Raoult's law approach. In the flux measurement from column study, the steady-state PAH concentrations (C(infinity)) in the efflu...

The Greenland and Antarctic Ice Sheets cover ~ 10% of global land surface, but are rarely considered as active components of the global iron cycle. The ocean waters around both ice sheets harbour highly productive coastal ecosystems, many of which are iron limited. Measurements of iron concentrations in subglacial runoff from a large Greenland Ice Sheet catchment reveal the potential for global...

In this paper we further explore and apply our recent anti-diffusive flux corrected high order finite difference WENO schemes for conservation laws [18] to compute the Saint-Venant system of shallow water equations with pollutant propagation, which is described by a transport equation. The motivation is that the high order anti-diffusive WENO scheme for conservation laws produces sharp resoluti...

A fully controllable nano-electro-mechanical device that can pump fluids at nanoscale is proposed. Using molecular dynamics simulations, we show that an applied electric field to an ion@C60 inside a water-filled carbon nanotube can pump water with excellent efficiency. The key physical mechanism governing the fluid pumping is the conversion of electrical energy into hydrodynamic flow with effic...

Recent studies have highlighted the impact of sea surface iodide concentrations on the deposition of ozone to the sea surface and the sea to air flux of reactive iodine. The use of models to predict this flux demands accurate, spatially distributed sea surface iodide concentrations, but to date, the observational data required to support this is sparse and mostly arises from independent studies...

Core-level photoelectron spectra, in excellent agreement with ab initio calculations, confirm that the stable wetting layer of water on Ru[0001] contains O-H and H2O in roughly 3:5 proportion, for OHx coverages between 0.25 and 0.7 ML, and T<170 K. Proton disorder explains why the wetting structure looks to low energy electron diffraction (LEED) to be an ordered p(square root of 3 x square root...