Integration of sensory and motor inputs has been shown to be impaired in appendicular muscles and joints of Parkinson's disease (PD) patients. As PD advances, axial symptoms such as gait and balance impairments appear, which often progresses to complete inability stand or walk unaided. The current study evaluates kinesthesia in the axial musculature of PD patients during active postural control...

background at altnagelvin, a district general hospital in northern ireland, we have observed that a significant number of hip fracture admissions are later readmitted for treatment of other medical conditions. these readmissions place increasing stress on the already significant burden that orthopedic trauma poses on national health services. objectives the aim of this study was to review a ser...

Hip dislocation occurs when the femur does not break and the force is transmitted towards the hip joint leading to a posterior dislocation of the femoral head with or without posterior acetabular fracture. We present the case of a 26 year old patient involved in motor vehicle accident. Clinical and imaging (radiography, CT) examination revealed an intertrochanteric fracture associated with ipsi...

purpose : to determine the association between astigmatism and spherical refractive error in a clinical population methods : in this cross-sectional study, 2,000 patients who presented to our optometry clinic were enrolled. all were tested for objective refraction with a nidek ar-310a auto refractometer, and non-cycloplegic refraction. for those under 15 years of age, cycloplegic refraction was...

INTRODUCTION Computer assisted surgery was pioneered in early 1990s. The first computer assisted surgery (CAS) total knee replacement with an imageless system was carried out in 1997. In the past 25 years, CAS has progressed from experimental in vitro studies to established in vivo surgical procedures. METHODS A comprehensive body of evidence establishing the advantages of computer assisted s...

BACKGROUND Obesity, measured as body mass index, is associated with venous thromboembolism (VTE). Body mass index is a marker of excess weight and correlates well with body fat content in adults; however, it fails to consider the distribution of body fat. We assessed the association between anthropometric variables and VTE. METHODS AND RESULTS From 1993 to 1997, 27 178 men and 29 876 women 50...

background : there is no data available regarding vitamin d status among patients with hip fractures in iran. this study aimed to determine whether postmenopausal women with low trauma hip fractures have lower vitamin d levels comparing to the control group.   materials and methods: vitamin d (25-ohd) level and the prevalence of hypovitaminosis d among 73 postmenopausal women with fracture of t...

BACKGROUND While most reports of component fracture following alumina-on-alumina total hip arthroplasty have involved the acetabular liner, few have involved fracture of the alumina femoral head. In the present multicenter study, we investigated ceramic head fractures in a cohort of patients who underwent third-generation alumina-on-alumina total hip arthroplasty. METHODS We performed a retro...

BACKGROUND This study assessed the differences in femoral geometry and bone mineral density between femoral neck fragility fractures and trochanteric fractures. METHODS One hundred and seventeen patients were divided into femoral neck and trochanteric fracture groups. There were 69 patients with femoral neck fractures, 20 men and 49 women with an average age of 75.1 ± 9.6 years and an average...

BACKGROUND Identification of biomechanical risk factors associated with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury can facilitate injury prevention. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of three foot landing positions, "toe-in", "toe-out" and "neutral", on biomechanical risk factors for ACL injury in males and females. The authors hypothesize that 1) relative to neutral, the toe...