This document is intended to stimulate debate and discussion in preparation of the Escience Scoping Study Expert Seminar for archaeology and the historic environment. It is a tentative, partial and therefore controversial delineation of the challenges and opportunities which the E-science agenda presents archaeologists and the historic environment sector. It proposes areas of specific activity ...

today, rocky monuments are being exposed to different physical, chemical and biological factors and therefore going to be ruined. one of physical destructive factors is growing of fungus and lichens on the rocks. this research aims to make use of silver nano-particles produced through microbial method in order to prevent growth and progression of fungus detached from rocky surfaces in meymand h...

urban commercial quarters such as bazaars can be found all over the world, from turkey toegypt, from tajikistan to iran. in iranian cities, bazaars have very specific and unique architectural features and theyhave played an important role as economic and social engines. in addition, bazaars are an integral part of the culturalgeography of iran and have contributed to the definition of urban dev...

A programme of planting native trees on Quail Island in Lyttelton Harbour has been proposed by the Otamahua/Quail Island Ecological Restoration Trust. The impact that this would have on the Maori and European historic and archaeological sites on the island is assessed. It is concluded that in several areas the planting and growth of trees would adversely affect these sites (some of which are pr...

In this paper, a hierarchical and decentralised model predictive control (DMPC) strategy for drinking water networks (DWN) is proposed. The DWN is partitioned in a set of subnetworks using a partitioning algorithm that makes use of the topology of the network, historic information about the actuator usage and heuristics. A suboptimal DMPC strategy was derived, which consists in a set of MPC con...

Vertebral pathology has long been a useful criterion for anthropologists in the assessment of activity patterns, stress, and general health of extinct peoples. This method of analysis, however, has never been applied to the peoples of the Nebraska Great Plains. This study is the first to concentrate on the in­ digenous Native Americans of this region, examining the spinal pathology present in t...

Defining historic grazing pressures and rangeland management is vital if early landscape threshold crossing and long–term trajectories of landscape change are to be properly understood. In this paper we use a new environmental simulation model, Búmodel, to assess two contrasting historical grazing landscapes in Mývatnssveit Iceland for two key periods—the colonization period (ca. Landnám, A.D. ...

In this paper we describe the development of the Church Experience Scale (CES) that allows us to measure visitor experience in historic churches, both with and without multimedia guides and other technologies. This study was carried out with 272 respondents at three historic churches in York, UK. Respondents for this study were visitors to these churches who were asked to complete a questionnai...

Since ancient times travellers and tourists were carving or writing their names and messages on historic landmarks. This behaviour has prevailed to this day as tourists try to leave their marks at places they visit. Such behaviour, today often seen as vandalism, is particularly problematic since the society tries to preserve historic landmarks while graffiti often leave indelible markings. One ...