Interchain hopping of solitons and polarons in polyacetylene is studied by numerical simulation of their motion under an electric field. Use is made of the Su-Schrieffer-Heeger model supplemented with intrachain electron-electron interactions and dopant potentials. We find that charged solitons can hop to the opposite chain by forming bound pairs (bipolarons). For the case of polarons also, hop...

In this work, a series of analyses are performed on ab initio molecular dynamics simulations hydrated excess proton in water to quantify the relative occurrence concerted hopping events and “rattling” thus further elucidate mechanism transport water. Contrary results reported certain earlier papers, new analysis finds that do occur all but majority product rattling, where will rattle between tw...

Abstract Graphene oxide (GO) is an oxidized derivative of graphene that can be formed into free-standing wafers by aqueous processing methods. We propose GO as a potential alternative printed electronic substrate material to mitigate the waste and electrical equipment problem. By dissolving these substrates in water, permits mechanical separation recovery discrete components from defunct circui...

During bouncing gaits such as hopping and running, leg muscles generate force to enable elastic energy storage and return primarily from tendons and, thus, demand metabolic energy. In an effort to reduce metabolic demand, we designed two elastic leg exoskeletons that act in parallel with the wearer's legs; one exoskeleton consisted of a multiple leaf (MLE) and the other of a single leaf (SLE) s...

General Packet radio service (GPRS) is designed for transmitting packet data and supposed to take its radio resource from the pool of unused channels by GSM voice services. Obviously, the introduction of GPRS has impact on the voice services. In this paper, we present a method to calculate the outage probability of the GSM-GPRS network for both the non-frequency hopping and the frequency hoppi...

The aim of this study was to compare the contractile and series elastic properties of terrestrial mammals that use bipedal versus quadrupedal gaits. The gastrocnemius muscle of the hopping mouse (body mass 30.2 +/- 2.4 g, mean +/- S.D.) and the rat (313 +/- 10.7 g) were compared with data from the literature for the wallaby and the kangaroo rat to distinguish scaling effects and locomotion-rela...

The possibility of ferromagnetic ordering is revisited in the band model. The coherent potential approximation decoupling has been used for the strong on-site Coulomb interaction. The driving forces towards the ferromagnetism are the on-site and inter-site molecular fields coming from different Coulomb interactions. Another driving force is the lowering of the kinetic energy with growing magnet...

Leg stiffness is a predictor of athletic performance and injury and typically evaluated during bilateral hopping. The contribution of each limb to bilateral leg stiffness, however, is not well understood. This study investigated leg stiffness during unilateral and bilateral hopping to address the following research questions: (1) does the magnitude and variability of leg stiffness differ betwee...

Basin-Hopping (BH) or Monte-Carlo Minimization (MCM) is so far the most reliable algorithms in chemical physics to search for the lowest-energy structure of atomic clusters and macromolecular systems. BH transforms the complex energy landscape into a collection of basins, and explores them by hopping, which is achieved by randomMonte Carlo moves and acceptance/rejection using the Metropolis cri...

In this paper, we present a novel image-based rendering technique, which we call manifold hopping. Our technique provides users with perceptually continuous navigation by using only a small number of strategically sampled manifold mosaics or multiperspective panoramas. Manifold hopping has two modes of navigation: moving continuously along any manifold, and discretely between manifolds. An impo...