ZrB2-20 vol.% SiC-10 vol.% h-BN (particles) ceramic composites (ZSB) were fabricated by hot pressing under inert gas protected. ZSB samples with mean size 75 × 55 × 40 mm(3) were heated using current heating method and then cooled down to low temperature by circulating water. ZSB samples repeatedly went through thermal shock with 10-50 times under various conditions, respectively. Diverse effec...

Residential domestic hot water (DHW) energy consumption represented 16% of the EU household heating demand in 2013. Due to the improvement of the building envelop, it is expected to increase significantly, with values between 20% to 32% in single family buildings, and between 35% to almost 50% in multifamily buildings. Currently, this energy is lost to the environment after its use, but it can ...

CaZrO3 nanoceramics were successfully synthesized at 700 C using the molten salt method, and the effects of processing parameters, such as temperature, holding time, and amount of salt on the crystallization of CaZrO3 were investigated. CaCl2, Na2CO3, and nano-ZrO2 were used as starting materials. On heating, CaCl2–NaCl molten eutectic salt provided a liquid medium for the reaction of CaCO3 an...

A research was conducted on the eff ect of heat treatments on the heating and cooling of the ‘Idared’ apple fruit. Th e heat treatment was performed as hot water dip (HWD), where fruit were dipped into water at 50 °C, for two, four and six minutes (HWD 500C 2’, HWD 500C 4’ and HWD 500C 6’, respectively). Th e aim of the study was to determine the eff ect of heat treatments on the warming and co...

In district heating stations, the heat carrier is circulated between the energy source and consumers by a pumping system. Fluid handling systems, such as pumping systems, are responsible for a significant portion of the total electrical energy use. Significant opportunities exist to reduce pumping energy through smart design, retrofitting, and operating practices. Most existing systems requirin...

Abstract The study proposed and investigated a new concept for hydronic floor heating in dwellings with the aim of reducing hot water temperatures toward more robust energy efficient operation. Modern systems often rely on low return to improve operation efficiencies through reduced heat losses from pipes, greater utilisation condensation boiler flue gases or increased COP pumps. Our potential ...

Thermal energy storage (TES) using phase change materials (PCM) has been widely investigated for various applications from very low to high temperatures due its flexible operating temperature range, density, and long-life cycle at a reasonable cost. The use of PCM in building components hot water production can reduce the demand, indoor fluctuation, better demand-side management by utilising av...

The hot-air/hot-steam process was used for the first time as a combined pre-pressing and pre-heating system for the production of medium-density fiberboards (MDF) at the pilot scale. Pre-heating systems are designed to pre-heat fiber mats before pressing by hot-presses. Using such techniques, pressing times are reduced significantly and the board properties are influenced positively; both are e...