This paper introduces empirical best predictors of small area bivariate parameters, like ratios sums or ratios, by assuming that the target unit-level vector follows a nested error regression model. The corresponding means squared errors are estimated parametric bootstrap. Several simulation experiments empirically study behavior introduced statistical methodology. An application to real data f...

Knowledge of income elasticity demand for individual products is necessary to forecast the volume and structure demand. The purpose ofthis article estimate different types agricultural insurance in Poland indicate consequences future this insurance. According results ofthe analysis carried out years 2000–2020, premium from crop greatest extent – compared other depends on both GDP disposable (pe...

BACKGROUND During recent decades household incomes have increased steadily, leading to changes in dietary habits and food expenditure. AIM To report changes in household food expenditure focusing on trends in processed food across income quintiles in Metropolitan Santiago. MATERIAL AND METHODS Information obtained from the Fourth (1986-1987), Fifth (1996-1997) and Sixth National Institute o...

OBJECTIVE To analyze the characteristics of out-of-home eating and spending on such consumption. METHODS A complex sample of 48,470 Brazilian households, selected from the 2002-2003 Household Budget Survey (HBS) was analyzed. Out-of-home eating was defined as the purchase of at least one type of food for consumption out of the home during seven days. Frequencies of out-of-home eating were est...

The present study analyses wage income inequality in Bulgaria during the period 2010-2019, using data from National Revenue Agency (NRA) on actual incurred of taxpayers and survey Household Budget Survey Statistical Institute (NSI). Key indicators are derived under both approaches, which compared evaluated through descriptive analysis. NSI permanently underestimates level its distribution, as e...

OBJECTIVE To estimate the magnitude and distribution of sodium intake in Brazil and to identify major dietary sources contributing to this intake. METHODS Estimates were based on data from a Brazilian household budget survey carried between July 2002 and June 2003. A total of 969,989 food purchase records from a probabilistic sample of 48,470 households located in 3,984 census tracts across t...

INTRODUCTION Prices are a standard and important component of market and food security analysis because they serve as an indicator of both food availability and food access. Prices are a measure of availability because they tend to rise as the supply of food falls in relation to demand (e.g., poor production, constrained imports of food), and they tend to fall when supply expands in relation to...