BACKGROUND The global focus on improved cookstoves (ICSs) and clean fuels has increased because of their potential for delivering triple dividends: household health, local environmental quality, and regional climate benefits. However, ICS and clean fuel dissemination programs have met with low rates of adoption. OBJECTIVES We reviewed empirical studies on ICSs and fuel choice to describe the ...

BACKGROUND Household air pollution (HAP) resulting from the use of solid fuels presents a major public health hazard. Improved stoves have been offered as a potential tool to reduce exposure to HAP and improve health outcomes. Systematic information on stove interventions is limited. METHODS We conducted a systematic review of the current evidence of improved stove interventions aimed at redu...

In this paper we present some work concerned with the development and testing of a simple solid fuel combustion model incorporated within a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) framework. The model is intended for use in engineering applications of fire field modelling and represents an extension of this technique to situations involving the combustion of solid fuels. The CFD model is coupled wit...

BACKGROUND To investigate factors related to prevention of self-immolation in west of Iran. METHODS In a case-control study, 30 consecutive cases of deliberate self-inflicted burns admitted to the regional burn centre (Imam Khomeini hospital in Kermanshah province, Iran) were compared with controls selected from the community and matched by sex, age, district-county of residence, and rural vs...

In the course of our investigations, we burned high-quality logs as well wood briquettes in a conventional, manually fed mixed-fired boiler, under different operating parameters. Based on evaluation measurement results, there is significant difference terms recoverable energy and carbon monoxide emissions for two fuels same device at air supply Studies have shown that constantly changing positi...