ABSTRACT: Within the oral mucosal cavity, the buccal region offers an attractive route of administration for systemic drug delivery. The mucosa has a rich blood supply and it is relatively permeable. It is the objective of this article to review buccal drug delivery by discussing the structure and environment of the oral mucosa and the experimental methods used in assessing buccal drug permeati...

The human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) proto-oncogene plays an important role in the development and progression of breast and gastric cancer. Monitoring of the HER2 status and treatment with trastuzumab was performed initially in breast cancer, and subsequently in gastric cancer. However, the HER2 status of thyroid cancer remains unexplored. Telomere alteration and telomerase acti...

Acute treatment with subanaesthetic ketamine, a non-competitive NMDA receptor antagonist, is widely utilized as a translational model for schizophrenia. However, how acute NMDA receptor blockade impacts on brain functioning at a systems level, to elicit translationally relevant symptomatology and behavioural deficits, has not yet been determined. Here, for the first time, we apply established a...

OF ORIGINAL ARTICLE. Data on the birth weights of 5,635 live-born Caucasian infants at 24 to 42 weeks’ gestation are presented. All infants were born from July 1948 to January 1961. Data from infants born at greater than 36 weeks’ gestation after 1955 are excluded because of the large number of infants. The socioeconomic stratum represented by this population is defined as medically indigent or...

Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is characterized by multiple genetic alterations that include inactivation of the retinoblastoma protein (Rb), the establishment of several autocrine loops including that induced by coexpression of stem cell factor (SCF) and Kit, and the ectopic expression and activation of Src family kinases. Previous studies have shown that Lck associates with, and becomes activa...

Clinical trials in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) have shown a wide disparity in the hemodynamic responses to positive inotropic therapy. In addition, the response of the failing left ventricle to positive inotropic agents reflects the net interaction of multiple factors, including the magnitude of contractile abnormality and compensatory mechanisms. In the current study, left ventr...

Today’s distributed and high-performance applications require high computational power and high communication performance. Recently, the computational power of commodity PCs has doubled about every 18 months. At the same time, network interconnects that provide very low latency and very high bandwidth are also emerging. This is a promising trend in building highperformance computing environment...

easily be cultured. Clinical studies using cytokine-secreting fibro blasts are also being conducted in cancer patients (9, 10). In this report, we have evaluated the relative efficacy of using allogeneic versus syngeneic fibroblasts transduced to secrete cyto hines as an adjuvant to tumor vaccination. We have reported previ ously in animal models that tumor cells transduced to secrete GM CSF5 w...

A retrospective immunohistochemical analysis ofthe adhesion molecule E-cadherin (E-CD) was performed in 112 differentiated thyroid carcino mm and 38 synchronous and 20 relapse metastases primarily from oper ations performed at the Medical School Hanover between 1982 and 1992. E-CD-speciflc antibody 5H9 was applied to paraffin-embedded tissues. All patients were clinically followed for a maximal...

The Verona Ava Linear Array Radar (VALAR) is a high resolution experimental HF backscatter data acquisition system designed to investigate the characteristics of high latitude auroral clutter. The transmit system located in Ava, New York, is capable of providing RF signals in the 2-30 MHz band with up to 300 kW average power. The receive system at Verona, New York, consists of a 72 element line...