Synphilin-1 is a cytoplasmic protein that has been shown to be involved in the control of energy balance. Previously, we reported on the generation of a human synphilin-1 transgenic mouse model (SP1), in which overexpression of human synphilin-1 resulted in hyperphagia and obesity. Here, behavioral measures in SP1 mice were compared with those of their age-matched controls (NTg) at two time poi...

BACKGROUND Studies on the impact of the 'obesogenic' environment have often used non-theoretical approaches. In this journal's debate and in other papers authors have argued the necessity of formulating conceptual models for differentiating the causal role of environmental influences on behavior. DISCUSSION The present paper aims to contribute to the debate by presenting a dual-process view o...

Thermodynamic methods to predict true yield and stoichiometry of bacterial reactions have been widely used in biotechnology and environmental engineering. However, yield predictions are often inaccurate for certain simple organic compounds. This work evaluates an existing method and identifies the cause of prediction errors for compounds with low degree of reductance of carbon. For these compou...

In a recent Letter, Lenz et al. have shown evidence of uniform temperature along steady long coronal loops observed by TRACE in two different passbands (171 and 195 Å filters). We propose that such a piece of evidence can be explained by the subarcsecond structuring of the loops across the magnetic field lines. In this perspective, we present a model of a bundle of six thin parallel hydrostatic...

Morphology may affect behavioural performance through a direct, physical link or through indirect, secondary mechanisms. Although some evidence suggests that the bill morphology of songbirds directly constrains vocal performance, bill morphology may influence vocal performance through indirect mechanisms also, such as one in which morphology influences foraging and thus the ability to perform s...

Expressions for water and glass temperatures, hourly yield and instantaneous efficiency for both passive and active solar distillation systems have been derived. The analysis is based on the basic energy balance for both the systems. A computer model has been developed to predict the performance of the stills based on both the inner and the outer glass temperatures of the solar stills. In the p...

A computational study of the growth of two-dimensional nematic spherulites in an isotropic phase was performed using a Landau-de Gennes-type quadrupolar tensor order parameter model for the first-order isotropic/nematic transition of 5CB (pentylcyanobiphenyl). An energy balance, taking anisotropy into account, was derived and incorporated into the time-dependent model. Growth laws were determin...

The effect of warm-season precipitation on the diel cycle of the surface energy balance and carbon dioxide at a Colorado subalpine forest site S. P. Burns, P. D. Blanken, A. A. Turnipseed, and R. K. Monson Department of Geography, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, Colorado, USA 2B Technologies, Inc., Boulder, Colorado, USA School o...

Decisions concerning how we balance energy supply and demand should not be made by quantitative cost-benefit analyses alone. The distributions of costs and benefits among individuals, groups of individuals, nations, and generations raise questions of equity that need to be addressed forthrightly. Doing so can help rather than impede the decision-making process.

The exchange of energy for an inviscid gravity current which is released from a lock and then propagates over a horizontal boundary is considered. Attention is focused on effects due to stratification in the ambient. The investigation uses both a one-layer shallow-water model and Navier–Stokes finite-difference simulations. There is good agreement between these two approaches for the energy of ...