Research into human communication has been grouped under two traditions: referential and sociolinguistic. The study of a communication behavior simultaneously from both paradigms appears to be absent. Basically, this paper analyzes the use of private and social speech, through both a referential task (Word Pairs) and a naturalistic dyadic setting (Lego-set) administered to a sample of 64 childr...

This paper describes findings from a study conducted to analyze the behavior, knowledge, and thinking that support the highest levels of human land mine detection skill. A recent assessment of land mine detection capability concluded that “human operators perform better with any detector system than the corresponding fully automated system.” This assessment, plus evidence linking individual dif...

Human beings epitomize the concept of “intelligent control.” Despite its apparent computational advantage over humans, no machine or computer has come close to achieving the level of sensor-based control of which humans are capable. Thus, there is a clear need to develop computational methods which can abstract human skill based on sensory feedback. Neural networks offer one such method with th...

In this paper we investigate evidence for the ‘skill bias’ of organizational change (OC). These include the decentralization of authority, delayering of managerial functions and increased multi-tasking. We use several sources of panel data on British and French establishments. Three findings emerge: (i) organizational change tends to reduce the demand for unskilled workers in both countries; (i...

In this paper, some HAM (Human Adaptive Mechatronics) research results on operator skill evaluation, operation assistance, identification of operator's dynamics, skill acquisition, and coupling phenomenon in bimanual operation are presented at first. Then the bimanual operation is discussed in detail. The phenomenon of spatial coupling between two different tasks performed by two hands respecti...

Humans are capable of accomplishing a variety of complex tasks in environments which have continu ously changing characteristics Robots however gen erally require highly structured environments which al low the programmer to make a large number of as sumptions making the robot s task easier to encode We propose a framework for programming robotic tasks using human to robot skill transfer We ass...

The ability to learn novel motor skills has fundamental importance for adaptive behavior. Neocortical mechanisms support human motor skill learning, from simple practice to adaptation and arbitrary sensory-motor associations. Behavioral and neural manifestations of motor learning evolve in time and involve multiple structures across the neocortex. Modifications of neural properties, synchrony a...

Estimates of several components of forecasting skill can be obtained by combining a skill-score decomposition developed by Allan Murphy with techniques for decomposing correlation coefficients that have been employed in research on human judgment. The decomposition of the correlation coefficient requires knowledge of the information or "cues" used by the forecaster. When the cues are known, it ...

I study how the relative efficiency of high- and low-skill labor varies across countries. Using microdata for countries at different stages development, document that differences in quantities wages are consistent with high-skill workers being relatively more productive rich exploit variation skill premia foreign-educated migrants to discriminate between two possible drivers this pattern: cross...