one of the issues that occur in most wars is captivating the enemy soldiers. international humanitarian law as a branch of contemporary islamic law from many years ago has focused on the treatment with prisoners. present comparative study in jus ad bellum shows that, the four 1949 geneva convention's and the 1977 additional protocols which compared with the islamic rules of international h...

The United Nations (UN) defines a complex humanitarian emergency (CHE) as “a humanitarian crisis in a country, region, or society where there is total or considerable breakdown of authority resulting from internal or external conflict and which requires an international response that goes beyond the mandate or capacity of any single and/or ongoing UN country program” [1]. Such emergencies requi...

Crises due to armed conflict, forced displacement and natural disasters result in excess morbidity and mortality due to infectious diseases. Historically, acute respiratory infections (ARIs) have received relatively little attention in the humanitarian sector. We performed a systematic review to generate evidence on the burden of ARI in crises, and inform prioritisation of relief interventions....

Major disasters pose significant threats to population health: rapid-onset crises can result in a massive loss of life, while protracted emergencies can result in both direct and indirect adverse effects to population health and livelihoods. In many cases, windows of opportunity present themselves to mitigate the effects of emergencies, but these opportunities must be seized and acted upon. Reg...

The aim of the project is the development of an Early Warning system for flood events based on precipitation analysis and related to historical flooded area detection.The recently change of Humanitarian International Agencies in the way of approaching the emergency preparedness has lead UN (United Nations) system to create a tightened collaboration with different research centers, where ITHACA ...

Humanitarian aid workers caring for Syrian refugees face major stressors as they attend to refugees' needs on the field. Without adequate psychosocial support, evidence has shown that fieldworkers experience high burnout and turnover as well as long-term poor mental health. Unfortunately, scarce training in this regard leaves them ill-equipped to care for themselves and practice resilience whil...

The number of refugee torture survivors worldwide is accelerating given violent global conflict, and healthcare providers are more likely to encounter refugees in their practices. The World Health Organization has declared the existing refugee migration an international humanitarian disaster, considering it the worst humanitarian crisis since the Second World War. The United Nations High Commis...

BACKGROUND: In response to the Kosovo crisis, Canada received 5,500 Albanian Kosovar refugees in 1999 as part of the emergency humanitarian evacuation and settlement effort. This study attempts to describe the experiences of service providers at the international, national, and local levels, involved in the organization and delivery of health and settlement services in Canada for the Kosovar re...