This study establishes the ability of hydrate formation to initiate internal corrosions along natural gas pipelines. The identified corrosion types, which are cavitations, erosion and corrosions by chemical reactions, are capable to individually or collectively initiate pitting and stress cracking corrosions which are also dangerous to gas pipelines. The impacts of these corrosion types are cla...

Calcium Silicate Hydrate (C-S-H) is the main hydration product of Portland cement, it has an important impact on the properties of cement and causes a wide range of study. In recent years, superplasticizer, of which the main component is organic macromolecules, has become an important component in preparation for high performance concrete. Molecular dynamics simulation of cement hydration produ...

One of the most important methods of transporting natural gas in Iran and other parts of the world is the utilization of a network of pipelines. Compression station and turbo compressor units play an important role in gas supply through pipelines. One of the primary concerns in these units is the reduction of fuel consumption. By cooling of exhaust gas from the source station, the pressure ...

During Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Leg 204, we will drill a transect of sites through the gas hydrate stability zone on the southern part of Hydrate Ridge on the Cascadia accretionary margin offshore Oregon. Massive hydrates are present at the seafloor there, and high-resolution threedimensional seismic data indicate a complicated subsurface plumbing system. The transect will cover two distinc...

Clathrate hydrates are solid crystalline structures most commonly formed from solutions that have nucleated to form a mixed solid composed of water and gas. Understanding the mechanism of clathrate hydrate nucleation is essential to grasp the fundamental chemistry of these complex structures and their applications. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulation is an ideal method to study nucleation at the...

Salt formation is a useful technique for improving the solubility of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). For instance, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, diclofenac (DIC), used in sodium salt form, and it has been reported to form several hydrate forms. However, crystal structure anhydrous (DIC-Na) structural relationship among anhydrate hydrated forms have not yet revealed. In this stu...