Hydraulics has been at the forefront of science for centuries. In this paper, new exciting developments are presented in terms of energy dissipation and multiphase flows. These include the hydraulic design of rectangular dropshafts and stepped chutes for embankment dams, and new air-water studies of spillway flows and dam break waves. The findings demonstrate innovative hydraulic research which...

In this paper, we present Q U A L E X , a system and algor i thm for generating first-order quali tat ive causal graphs for tutor ia l purposes based on de Kleer and Brown's qualitative modeling theory. Q U A L E X is embedded in a constructive simulation environment called Heart Works which teaches hydraulics principles about the cardio-vascular system to first year college biology students.

The size and shape of the stones in dry gravel river beds are of interest in geology and river hydraulics. The topography of a bed surface can be measured by three-dimensional laser scanning. A method is described for fitting ellipsoids to the surfaces of individual stones to estimate their size, shape and orientation in the river bed. Different cost functions are evaluated and the methods are ...

PURPOSE: The deterioration of elements of steel hydraulic structures (SHS) on our nation’s lock system is caused by combined effects of several complex phenomena: corrosion, cracking and fatigue, impact, and overloads. This Coastal and Hydraulics Engineering Technical Note presents examples of deterioration and a method for predicting future deterioration based on current conditions. In a compa...

A time delay artificial neural network approach for flow routing in a river system M. J. Diamantopoulou, P. E. Georgiou, and D. M. Papamichail Faculty of Forestry and Natural Environment, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece Department of Hydraulics, Soil Science and Agricultural Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessal...

University of Vienna, Computational Science Center, A–1090 Vienna, Austria (D.L.); Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich, Institute of Terrestrial, Ecosystems, CH–8092 Zurich, Switzerland (B.F.); Paul Scherrer Institute, Spallation Neutron Source Division CH–5232 Willigen, Switzerland (P.V.); Forschungszentrum Jülich, Agrosphere, D–52425 Julich, Germany (A.S.); and University of Natur...

Dropshafts are commonly used in sewers and stormwater channels as energy dissipator systems. Since recent effort has been devoted to characterize dropshaft hydraulics and air-water flow properties, and the present paper develops an analysis of the bubble clustering process using new experimental data collected in a large-size facility. The results highlight some significant patterns in clusters...

Leaf expansion is the central process by which plants colonize space, allowing energy capture and carbon acquisition. Water and carbon emerge as main limiting factors of leaf expansion, but the literature remains controversial about their respective contributions. Here, we tested the hypothesis that the importance of hydraulics and metabolics is organized according to both dark/light fluctuatio...

Acoustic Doppler velocity meters �ADVMs� provide an alternative to more traditional flow measurement devices and proce­ dures such as flumes, weirs, and stage rating for irrigation and drainage canals. However, the requirements for correct calibration are extensive and complex. A three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics �CFD� model was used to design a subcritical rapidly varied flow cont...

Release of hypolimnetic water from man-made reservoirs can be a problem for downstream rivers. These effects can be significant mainly during the first years after the reservoir impoundment, especially in thermally stratified reservoirs favouring the release of anoxicmethane-richwater. In tropical areas, higher temperatures decrease the oxygen solubility and enhance chemical processes responsib...