in the past, forest road network designing was mainly done for its main goals-management and exploitation. this study was performed to pay attention for multilateral goals of forest roads, especially its role in forest villages’ development, in estakhr-posht of neka (6 villages) in series 2, section 6 of neka-zalem rood forest management plan. at first, constructed forest roads and suggested ro...

Abstract Cave biodiversity and ecosystems are underexplored. To guide conservation needs for visitor management, we surveyed the 2,158 m long Danial in northern Iran vertebrate fauna. We identified four mammalian two amphibian species cave: greater horseshoe bat Rhinolophus ferrumequinum , Blasius's blasii lesser mouse-eared myotis Myotis blythii Hyrcanian field mouse Apodemus hyrcanicus wood f...

conservation of biodiversity in protected areas will be more challenging if local communities are heavily dependent on them for various products and subsistence needs. this study estimated forest dependency and identified factors influencing dependency for households living around kasane forest reserve (kfr). data collected from 237 households were analyzed using logistic regression model. logi...

forests as a renewable source has effective and useful role in economic and social activities of society. network of forest roads as infrastructure division’s forest planning units (compartments) of forest management plans, management, logging, exit of wood and plays a major role forest protection. aim of this study, designed forest road network according to multi-purpose forestry using the net...

the aim of this research was to measure the relative efficiency of forest management plans in north of iran. in order to fulfill the research, data of 12 forest management plans were collected from the financial balance sheets of shafaroud forest company during a ten years period. first of all, basic data envelopment analysis (dea) models (bcc and ccr) were used to determine the efficiency. the...

one of the indicators of management and sustainability control of forest resources is the definition deforestation and degradation types. these factors hazard quantitative and qualitative of the iranian forests. in this study with integrated approach, different forms of forest degradation identified in the forest areas with a reviews of library resources and then investigation the degree of sta...