Auditory brainstem implant (ABI) technology attempts to restore hearing in deaf patients caused by bilateral cochlear nerve injury through the direct stimulation of the brainstem, but many aspects of the related mechanisms remain unknown. The unresolved issues can be grouped into three topics: which patients are the best candidates; which type of electrode should be used; and how to improve res...

BACKGROUND An ankle-brachial index (ABI; ratio of ankle and brachial systolic blood pressure) <0.9 indicates peripheral arterial disease (PAD) and is a strong predictor of cardiovascular events. The aim of the present study was to address the prognostic value of different methods of ABI calculation. METHODS AND RESULTS In 831 patients admitted with chest pain for diagnostic heart catheterizat...

OBJECTIVE The objective of this present study is to determine whether high ankle brachial index (ABI) as compared with ABIs within reference limits is associated with an increased incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) events and all-cause mortality in a high-risk population and whether this association is the same for patients with and without diabetes mellitus or prevalent CVD. APPROACH ...

BACKGROUND Blood pressure (BP) variability has been associated with cardiovascular outcomes, but there is no consensus about the more effective method to measure it by ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM). We evaluated the association between three different methods to estimate BP variability by ABPM and the ankle brachial index (ABI). METHODS AND RESULTS In a cross-sectional study of ...

Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) increases with age and ankle-brachial index (ABI) ≤ 0.9 is a noninvasive marker of PAD. The purpose of this study was to identify risk factors related to a low ABI in the elderly using two different methods of ABI calculation (traditional and modified definition using lower instead of higher ankle pressure). A cross-sectional study was carried out with 65 hyper...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Low ankle-brachial index (ABI), which is the ratio of tibial artery systolic blood pressure to brachial systolic artery pressure, is known to be a measure of lower limb peripheral artery disease as well as a marker for other cardiovascular disease events. The ability of ABI to predict incident ischemic stroke, however, is not established in population-based studies. MET...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Coronary artery calcification (CAC), a marker of coronary atherosclerosis, predicts stroke in addition to established risk factors. Whether CAC's predictive value can be improved by peripheral atherosclerosis markers, namely carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) and ankle-brachial index (ABI), was unknown. METHODS A total of 3289 participants of the population-based Hei...

Ankle-brachial index (ABI) and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) are markers for peripheral artery occlusive disease (PAOD) and arterial stiffness, respectively. The aims of this study were to assess whether PAOD and arterial stiffness progressed and to determine the risk factors for ABI and baPWV progression in patients on hemodialysis. This study enrolled 173 routine patients on hemo...

OBJECTIVES To determine the value of ankle and toe blood pressure indices and pedal pulse palpation in the assessment of peripheral arterial disease in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SUBJECTS A convenience sample of 85 female subjects with type 2 DM underwent a series of peripheral vascular assessments at the diabetes clinic of a community hospita...