The genus Paraquilegia J.R.Drumm. & Hutch. is reviewed. Six taxa are described, typified and illustrated. A key given for the species related genera.

In this paper, we present a hybrid grammar formalism designed to learn structured models of natural iconic gesture performances that allow for compressed representation and robust recognition. We analyze a dataset of iconic gestures and show how the proposed Featurebased Stochastic Context-Free Grammar (FSCFG) can generalize over both structural and feature-based variations among different gest...

This paper offers terms for talking about information and how it relates to both matter-energy and communication, by: (1) Identifying three different levels of signs: Index, based in contiguity, icon, based in similarity, and symbol, based in convention; (2) examining three kinds of coding: Analogic differences, which deal with positive quantities having contiguous and continuous values, and di...

The Greenland shark (Somniosus microcephalus), an iconic species of the Arctic Seas, grows slowly and reaches >500 centimeters (cm) in total length, suggesting a life span well beyond those of other vertebrates. Radiocarbon dating of eye lens nuclei from 28 female Greenland sharks (81 to 502 cm in total length) revealed a life span of at least 272 years. Only the smallest sharks (220 cm or less...

Star Golden State Warriors Steph Curry, Klay Thompson, and Kevin Durant are great shooters but they are not streak shooters. Only rarely do they show signs of a hot hand. This conclusion is based on an empirical analysis of field goal and free throw data from the 82 regular season and 17 postseason games played by the Warriors in 2016–2017. Our analysis is inspired by the iconic 1985 hot-hand s...

The question of lexical submorphemics has long been controversial in English lexical studies and in general (Genette 1976, Jakobson 1980, Toussaint 1983). The linguistic sign is traditionally considered as “arbitrary”: the phonological form is not iconic and does not reflect the physical properties of the object or event to which the word refers; for lack of motivation there are as many words a...

The nature of the computers as a machine for processing symbolic logic is widely recognised. However, they also have the potential to ‘generate meaning’ through these same processes, particularly in the domain of constructed, artificial worlds that exist in terms of their own logic and codes. An interdisciplinary model for meaning generation is articulated via the intersection of artificial lif...

Human vision briefly retains a trace of a stimulus after it disappears. This trace-iconic memory-is often believed to be a surrogate for the original stimulus, a representational structure that can be used as if the original stimulus were still present. To investigate its nature, a flicker-search paradigm was developed that relied upon a full scan (rather than partial report) of its contents. R...