Traditionally, the calibration of safety critical nuclear instrumentation has been performed during each refueling outage. However, many nuclear plants have moved toward conditiondirected rather than time-directed calibration. This condition-directed calibration is accomplished through the use of on-line monitoring. On-line monitoring (OLM) commonly uses an autoassociative empirical modeling ar...

OBJECTIVE Prokineticin 2 (PK2) is a hypothalamic neuropeptide expressed in central nervous system areas known to be involved in food intake. We therefore hypothesized that PK2 plays a role in energy homeostasis. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We investigated the effect of nutritional status on hypothalamic PK2 expression and effects of PK2 on the regulation of food intake by intracerebroventricu...

Alzheimer's disease is the most common cause of dementia. This disease is a progressive and irreversible brain disorder accompanied with severe learning and memory impairment. Exercise increases cognitive ability, attenuates motor deficits, increases new neuron formation, and ameliorates neurological impairments in several neurodegenerative diseases. This study investigated the effects of tread...

Hwa, Joyce J., Melanie B. Witten, Patricia Williams, Lorraine Ghibaudi, Jun Gao, Brian G. Salisbury, Deborra Mullins, Fozia Hamud, Catherine D. Strader, and Eric M. Parker. Activation of the NPY Y5 receptor regulates both feeding and energy expenditure. Am. J. Physiol. 277 (Regulatory Integrative Comp. Physiol. 46): R1428–R1434, 1999.—Intracerebroventricular (ICV) administration of neuropeptide...

OBJECTIVES To examine the ease with which underage smokers can purchase cigarettes online using money orders and to evaluate the effectiveness of internet filtering programs in blocking access to internet cigarette vendors (ICVs). DESIGN Four young people purchased 32 money orders using 32 different names to buy one carton of cigarettes for each named individual. Each money order was subseque...

Intracerebroventricular (ICV) administration of the hypothalamic neuropeptide neuromedin U (NMU) or the adipostat hormone leptin increases plasma ACTH and corticosterone. The relationship between leptin and NMU in the regulation of the hypothalamo-pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis is currently unknown. In this study, leptin (1 nm) significantly increased the release of CRH from ex vivo hypothalamic ...

Intracerebroventricular (ICV) injection of carbachol into the third ventricle of conscious rabbits increased pupil size and intraocular pressure (IOP). A significant increase of pupil size by 0.6-1.3 mm for 60-90 min was observed with the dose of 1 microgram and an increase of IOP by 1.1-1.9 mmHg for 15-60 min was observed with doses over 10 ng. These responses were due to central cholinergic s...

Recent evidence reveals that aberrant brain insulin signaling plays an important role in the pathology of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Intranasal insulin administration has been reported to improve memory and attention in healthy participants and in AD patients. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms are poorly understood. Here, we treated intracerebroventricular streptozotocin-injected (ICV...

The study was aimed at investigating the effects of pitavastatin, simvastatin (lipophilic statins) and fluvastatin (hydrophilic statin) on memory deficits associated with Alzheimer's type dementia in mice. Dementia was induced with chronic administration of a high fat diet (HFD) or intracebroventricular streptozotocin (icv STZ, two doses of 3 mg/kg) in separate groups of animals. Memory of the ...