Indigenous Knowledge (IK) is increasingly involved in the contemporary management of natural resources. Tribal wildlife programs United States may be uniquely positioned to effectively and ethically integrate their IK. While a narrow focus on body IK particular activity suffice for project-level integration efforts, herein we consider how at programmatic level best supported. We propose holisti...

Development of ionic currents underlying changes in action potential waveforms in rat spinal motoneurons. J. Neurophysiol. 80: 3047-3061, 1998. Differentiation of the ionic mechanism underlying changes in action potential properties was investigated in spinal motoneurons of embryonic and postnatal rats using whole cell voltage- and current-clamp recordings. Relatively slow-rising, prolonged, la...

and Applied Analysis 3 I ′ k kEk − ( d k γk ) Ik, Rk γkIk − d kRk, k 1, 2, . . . , n. 2.1 HereΛk represents influx of individuals into the kth group, d k , d E k , d k , and d k represent death rates of S, E, I, and R populations in the kth group, respectively, k represents the rate of becoming infectious after a latent period in the k-th group, and γk represents the recovery rate of infectious...

Platelet-activating factor (PAF), a potent signaling lipid implicated as a mediator of pathological responses, has both negative chronotropic and inotropic effects on the heart, although the mechanism(s) involved is not well defined. Because activation of the muscarinic acetylcholine-activated K' current (IK(ACh)) also produces a negative chronotropic and inotropic response in myocardium, this ...

In this paper, we study the existence of solution of the four-point boundary value problem for second-order differential equations with impulses by using leray-Schauder theory: ⎧⎨ ⎩ x′′(t) = f(t, x(t), x′(t)), t ∈ [0, 1], t = tk, k = 1, 2,··· ,m Δx(tk) = Ik(x(tk)), k = 1, 2,··· ,m Δx′(tk) = Ik(x(tk), x ′(tk)), k = 1, 2,··· ,m x′(0) = αx′(ξ), x(1) = βx(η), (E) where 0 < ξ ≤ η < 1, α ≥ 0, β ≥ 0 a...

A study of nerve impulse generation in ganglion cells of the tiger salamander retina is carried out through a combination of experimental and analytic approaches, including computer simulations based on a single-compartment model. Whole cell recordings from ganglion cells were obtained using a superfused retina-eyecup preparation and studied with pharmacological and electrophysiological techniq...

Small conductance Ca²⁺-activated K⁺ (SK) and intermediate conductance Ca(2+)-activated K⁺ (IK) channels are thought to be involved in detrusor smooth muscle (DSM) excitability and contractility. Using naphtho[1,2-d]thiazol-2-ylamine (SKA-31), a novel and highly specific SK/IK channel activator, we investigated whether pharmacological activation of SK/IK channels reduced guinea pig DSM excitabil...

Loop closure in proteins requires computing the values of the inverse kinematics (IK) map for a backbone fragment with 2n > or = 6 torsional degrees of freedom (dofs). It occurs in a variety of contexts, e.g., structure determination from electron-density maps, loop insertion in homology-based structure prediction, backbone tweaking for protein energy minimization, and the study of protein mobi...

The transient potassium current, IK(t), of enzymatically dissociated rat olfactory receptor neurons was studied using patch-clamp techniques. Upon depolarization from negative holding potentials, IK(t) activated rapidly and then inactivated with a time course described by the sum of two exponential components with time constants of 22.4 and 143 ms. Single-channel analysis revealed a further sma...