This article explores the state of the art in theories of special divine action by means of a study of the Divine Action Project (DAP) co-sponsored by the Vatican Observatory and the Center for Theology and the Natural Sciences in Berkeley. The basic aim is to introduce the DAP and to summarize its results, especially as these were compiled in the final “capstone” meeting of the DAP, and drawin...

e nature of divine eternality is obscure in both historical andmodern discussions. In a way its obscurity is no surprise, given that the nature of time is so mysterious. But the obscurity is still notable relative to the other traditional divine attributes, which are comparatively much better understood. Our perplexities regarding eternality are compounded, I will argue here, by a failure to re...

A class of signaling games is studied in which a unique Universally Divine equilibrium outcome exists. We identify a monotonicity property under which a variation of Universal Divinity is generically equivalent to strategic stability. Further assumptions guarantee the existence of a unique Universally Divine outcome. Journal of Economic Literature Classification Numbers: 021, 022, 026. ‘r 1990 ...

BACKGROUND A full-thickness macular hole (FTMH) is a common retinal condition associated with impaired vision. Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) have demonstrated that surgery, by means of pars plana vitrectomy and post-operative intraocular tamponade with gas, is effective for stage 2, 3 and 4 FTMH. Internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling has been introduced as an additional surgical manoeu...

PURPOSE To evaluate the use of infracyanine green (IFCG) staining in idiopathic epiretinal membrane (ERM) surgery. METHODS A retrospective comparative study of 63 consecutive eyes with ERM operated on with internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling using or not filtered IFCG diluted (5:1) in glucose 5%. Main outcome measures were best-corrected visual acuity, central visual field perimetry, flu...

PURPOSE Previous work has shown that indocyanine green (ICG)-assisted peeling of the inner limiting membrane (ILM) may cause retinal damage. In this study, a toxic and a photodynamic effect of ICG at the vitreoretinal interface was assumed. METHODS Ten human donor eyes were hemisected, and 0.05 mL of 0.05% ICG was poured over the trephined macula in eight eyes. After 1 minute, the dye was dra...

PURPOSE To report a patient whose foveal avascular zone (FAZ) decreased after vitrectomy with internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling. METHODS A 58-year-old woman underwent successful phacovitrectomy with ILM peeling for a thin epiretinal membrane in an eye with a normal foveal contour. Optical coherence tomography angiographic en face images of the 3 mm×3 mm superficial and deep inner retin...