Children with sickle cell disease were immunized with either 2 doses of 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine followed by 1 dose of 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine or a single dose of 23-valent vaccine. Functional antibodies to 7 vaccine serotypes were measured by a flow cytometric opsonophagocytic assay (OPA) and compared with IgG anticapsular polysaccharide antibody concentrat...

Background: Although the immunization coverage has increased over the past few years, school age is still a neglected area and accounts for high number of unimmunized children in developing world including India. Objective: This study has been undertaken to determine the immunization status of school children in an urban locality of Indore, a district of central India; and to determine if paren...

Measles immunization is an given to generate active immunity against measles. (Maryunani, 2010). Immunization a health effort that has been proven be the most effective. When coverage reaches 90%, it can contribute reducing morbidity and mortality by 80% - 90%. Although measles high (90%) but there are still children affected Because remaining 10 percent of who have not received immunizations p...

BACKGROUND The prevention of child mortality through immunization is one of the most cost-effective and widely applied public health interventions. In Ethiopia, the Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI) schedule is rarely completed as planned and the full immunization rate is only 24%. The objective of this study was to identify determinant factors of incomplete childhood immunization in Arbeg...

In January 1997, the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) recommended adoption of a sequential inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV)-oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV) vaccination schedule. The schedule of injections of IPV at 2 months and 4 months of age, followed by OPV at 12-18 months and again at 4-6 years was intended to minimize the risk for vaccine-associated paralytic poliomyel...

In 1998, a series of regional cluster surveys (the ICONA Study) was conducted simultaneously in 19 out of the 20 regions in Italy to estimate the mandatory immunization coverage of children aged 12-24 months with oral poliovirus (OPV), diphtheria-tetanus (DT) and viral hepatitis B (HBV) vaccines, as well as optional immunization coverage with pertussis, measles and Haemophilus influenzae b (Hib...

During the 41 st World Health Assem3ly (WHA) meeting, it was resolved that World Health Organization (WHO) takes initiative for global eradication of poliomyelitis exclusively by Oral Polio Vaccination (OPV) by year 2000 with all member countries. WHO Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI) schedule requires all children below 1 year of age to get 4 doses of OPV. A regular review of OPV3 coverag...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the economic impact of the routine US childhood immunization schedule: diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and acellular pertussis; tetanus and diphtheria toxoids; Haemophilus influenzae type b conjugate; inactivated poliovirus; measles, mumps, and rubella; hepatitis B; and varicella vaccines. DESIGN Decision tree-based analysis was conducted using population-based vaccinatio...

Introduction: Immunization is one of the eight elements of primary health care. Government of India is providing immunization services through Universal Immunization Programme to protect children from some important diseases of childhood. Knowledge of mothers of beneficial children regarding immunization will influence the utilization of services. Objectives: The present study was conducted 1) ...

BACKGROUND Viral hepatitis B (VHB) is an occupational risk for dentists. It is necessary that dental students start clinical practice immunized with the vaccine, response monitored and informed about the means of transmission of the disease. Rarely, there are studies, which evaluate concomitantly knowledge of these academics and their vaccine situation. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the knowledge ab...