Following the recommendations of the Advisory Council on AIDS, Hong Kong, the Hospital Authority announced plans to introduce universal antenatal screening for human immunodeficiency virus infection and hence, a consensus conference was held to discuss strategies for implementing such screening in Hong Kong. This paper reports the discussions of the consensus conference. The consensus meeting g...

Background: Schimke immuno-osseous dysplasia (SIOD, OMIM 242900) is a rare, autosomal recessive, pleiotropic disease caused by mutations in the SMARCAL1 gene. SIOD characterized triad of symptoms, i.e., progressive kidney due to focal segmen- tal glomerulosclerosis (FSGS), spondyloepiphyseal and T-cell immunodeficiency. Additionally, heterogeneous neurological symptoms are often observed course...

Anti-cytokines autoantibodies (ACAA) are types of against soluble immune factors and may be mirrored by autoimmune disease biomarkers. The manifestation secretion these antibodies is associated to primary immunodeficiency (PID), but also directly or indirectly related infectious occurrence, which could assumed as a consequence cytokine deficiency

Background: Hyper-Immunoglobulin M (IgM) syndrome (HIGM) is a rare primary immunodeficiency in which defective B-cell isotype switching results in a phenotype characterized by elevated or normal serum IgM levels and low levels of other Ig classes, leading to an increased susceptibility to infection, neutropenia, autoimmune disorders, and malignancies. In this disease, a mutation occurs in the C...

Background: Oral lesions are among the earliest clinical manifestations of human immunodeficiency (HIV) infection and are important in early diagnosis and for monitoring the progression to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of oral lesions and their relationship with a number of factors in HIV/AIDS patients attending an HIV cente...