Objective: To run a comparison between specificity, sensitivity, PPV (positive predictive value) (PPV) & NPV (negative of the three varied H. pylori detection methods used in study. Materials and Methods: It is retrospective descriptive study that was carried out at Histopathology wing Pathology Department, Sahiwal Medical College, Sahiwal. comprised entire cases gastritis which were histop...

Background & Objective: Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (HNSCC) is a highly frequent malignancy worldwide also the leading cause of death. The prognosis for individuals with HNSCC remains dismal, five-year survival rate less than 50%. novel anti-PD-L1 immunotherapy found to be promising, immunohistochemistry (IHC) has been established as reliable method patient stratification. We intend e...

ObjectiveIn the Netherlands a nationwide guideline was introduced in 2016, which recommended routine Lynch syndrome screening (LSS) for all women with endometrial cancer (EC) <70 years of age. LSS consists immunohistochemical (IHC) staining loss mismatch repair (MMR) protein expression, supplemented MLH1 methylation analysis if indicated. Test results are evaluated by treating gynaecologist, wh...

Primary mediastinal (thymic) large B-cell lymphoma (PMBL) and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) are tumors with distinct clinical and molecular characteristics that are difficult to distinguish by histopathologic and phenotypic analyses alone. Programmed cell death 1 ligand 2 (PD-L2) is a cell surface protein expressed by activated macrophages and dendritic cells that binds PD-1 on T cells ...

Synovial sarcoma (SS) is a malignant soft tissue tumour of uncertain histogenesis which is defined by the translocation t(X;18) that produces the fusion oncogenes SYT-SSX. The emergence of transducer-like enhancer of split 1 (TLE1) as a new immunohistochemical (IHC) marker for SS has offered an alternative to pathologists in differentiating SS from other histological mimics, especially in the s...

The aim of the study was to assess the immunohistochemical (IHC) profiles of SRC3, Pax2, ER, PgR, Her2, EGFR, CK5/6, and Ki67 proteins in breast-cancer brain metastasis. The study utilized tumor samples from 30 metastatic patients and calculated correlations between all IHC variables. In fourteen cases, primary breast cancers paired with secondary deposits were analyzed. We evaluated the associ...

Different immunohistochemical (IHC) assays were approved for PD-L1 expression examination on tumor cells in qualification to immune-checkpoint inhibitors therapy in NSCLC patients. These assays have some similarities, but also very serious differences. We assessed 2 IHC tests for PD-L1 expression evaluation in NSCLC tumors with different pathological diagnoses and genetic abnormalities. We enro...

AIM Infectious porcine bronchopneumonia, caused by Pasteurella multocida, is a widespread disease of major economic significance. Thus, the aim of the present study was to diagnose swine Pasteurellosis using gross, histopathological, and immunopathological approaches in the swine population of Punjab and to compare the efficacy of immunohistochemical (IHC) techniques with conventional diagnosti...