This paper proposes a novel approach to similarity-based approximate reasoning in an interval-valued fuzzy environment. In a rule-based system, an ‘if ... then ...’ rule can be translated into an intervalvalued fuzzy relation by suitable implication operations. The similarity grade between a case and the antecedent of a rule is computed and used to modify the relation. A consequent is derived f...

siderable variety of procedures, aimed at socalled repair of the inguinal canal, has been described. This insistence on adequate surgical repair of the region implies that the risk of recurrence is always with us. Despite this implication, it is curious to find that cases of inguinal hernia are frequently relegated to the end of the surgical list for unsupervised operation by a junior house-sur...

BACKGROUND The clinico-surgical implication and successful management of a rare case of factor five (V) deficiency with portal hypertension and hypersplenism due to idiopathic extra-hepatic portal venous obstruction is presented. CASE PRESENTATION A 16-year old boy had gastro-esophageal variceal bleeding, splenomegaly and hypersplenism. During preoperative workup prolonged prothrombin time an...

An implication operator A is said to be tied if there is a binary operation T that ties A; that is, the identity A(a,A(b, z)) = A(T (a, b), z) holds for all a, b, z. We aim at the construction of a complete predicate logic for prelinear tied adjointness algebras. We realize this in three steps. In the first step, we establish a propositional calculus AdjTPC, complete for the class of all tied a...

There have been enormous efforts to implement automated vehicle-based mobility (AVM) by considering smart infrastructure such as cooperative intelligent transportation system. However, there is lack of consideration on economical approach for an optimal deployment strategy the AVM service and infrastructure. Furthermore, influence travel demand in area has ignored. We develop a new framework ma...

Automatic Test Pattern Generation (ATPG) primarily has to solve three fundamental Boolean problems: justification, propagation, and implication. In the past, various data structures (e.g. netlists, CNFs, decision diagrams) have been used to tackle these problems with none of them being specifically optimized for all these tasks. That is why we propose fast and optimized algorithms for justifica...

Lemma 2 Let A be an atom and P |= A. Then A has an implication tree wrt. P . Proof: We construct a model M of P . Let |M| be the set of all terms (with variables) and let fM(~t ) := f(~t ). Let rM(~t ) be true if and only if r(~t ) has an implication tree wrt. P . We claim that M is a model of P . If B is a fact of P then for every substitution (variable assignment) θ the atom Bθ is an implicat...

Conditional independence provides an essential framework to deal with knowledge and uncertainty in Artificial Intelligence, and is fundamental in probability and multivariate statistics. Its associated implication problem is paramount for building Bayesian networks. Saturated conditional independencies form an important subclass of conditional independencies. Under schema certainty, the implica...

Dendritic fibromyxolipoma is an uncommon benign soft tissue tumor. Here, we report a case in a 53-year-old man presenting a painless mass located deep in the latissimus dorsi of the right back. Microscopically, the tumor was mainly consisted of small spindle and stellate cells, abundant myxoid stroma, collagen bundles and mature adipose tissue. Immunohistochemical study showed the spindle and s...

In this paper, we attempt a systematic study of QL-implications. Towards this end, firstly, we investigate the conditions under which a QL-operation becomes a fuzzy implication without imposing any conditions on the underlying operations. Following this, we discuss the conditions underwhich this family satisfies some desirable algebraic properties. Based on the obtained results and existing cha...