Let G be a graph whose each component has order at least 3. Let s : E(G) → Zk for some integer k ≥ 2 be an improper edge coloring of G (where adjacent edges may be assigned the same color). If the induced vertex coloring c : V (G) → Zk defined by c(v) = ∑ e∈Ev s(e) in Zk, (where the indicated sum is computed in Zk and Ev denotes the set of all edges incident to v) results in a proper vertex col...

"Ockham's razor" is a methodical principle, due to the medieval philosopher William of Ockham, who mainly opposed an unjustified creation of new terms in philosophy. Since this principle and its later versions are frequently quoted in discussions about anomalies, it will be studied here in some detail. After a short look on the historical roots, the principal modern formulations are summarized....

OBJECTIVE To determine the frequency of various types of improper cause-of-death (COD) statements reported on death certificates and whether the frequency differed by specialty of the certifying physician. DESIGN Cross-sectional descriptive study. SETTING 2 medical centres in Tainan, Taiwan. PARTICIPANTS A total of 2520 death certificates issued by 230 physicians. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES ...

A system has an unknown number of faults. Each fault causes a failure of the system, and is then located and removed. The failure times are independent exponential random variables with common mean. A Bayesian analysis of this model is presented, with emphasis on the situation where vague prior knowledge is represented by limiting, improper, prior forms. This provides a test for reliability gro...

A patient suffering from diabetes and a trans-tibial amputation presented with stump wounds caused by improper donning of the liner. His diminished hand function resulted in improper donning, with air being trapped between the liner and stump. This caused blisters on the skin after loading the prosthesis.

In this paper we study improper integrals on time scales. We also give some mean value theorems for integrals on time scales, which are used in the proof of an analogue of the classical Dirichlet–Abel test for improper integrals. AMS (MOS) Subject Classification. 39A10.

A plant disorder is defined as any abnormal plant growth or development. The affected plant does not live up to the normal expectations; it is incapable of carrying out its normal physiological functions to the best of its genetic potential. There are almost an unlimited number of factors that can have a negative affect plants. Disorders can be broken down into two main categories, abiotic diso...

Angiogenesis is the growth of new blood vessels and is a key process which occurs during both physiological and pathological disease processes. Knowledge of the mechanisms through which this process is initiated and maintained will have a significant impact on the treatment of these diseases. Pathological angiogenesis occurs in major diseases such as cancer, diabetic retinopathies, age-related ...

Urbanization and population growth are solely responsible for high increasing rate of solid waste and its proper management is a major problem of Municipal Corporation. In this study, the sources and components of solid waste were identified; type and the quantity of solid waste disposed, methods of solid waste disposal and impact of improper waste management on health were highlighted. The res...