Background: Currently, a limited number of studies have been done on the vitrification of small ruminant oocytes, especially in sheep, where poor developmental rates are obtained following immature and mature oocyte vitrification. Poor ovine oocyte cryopreservation could attribute to the damage to enzymes which has role in metabolic pathways. Therefore, production of cytokines and growth factor...

the society for assisted reproductive technology (sart) method of embryo grading is unique, simple, and widely practiced, and its use has been mandatory for sart membership programs since 2010. developed by sart in 2006, the current embryo grading system categories, “good, fair, and poor,” are limited because they do not describe the best 1-2 embryos in the interest of keeping pace with the shi...

We recently developed an air-liquid interface long-term culture of differentiated bovine oviductal epithelial cells (ALI-BOEC). This ex vivo oviduct epithelium is capable of supporting embryo development in co-culture up to the blastocyst stage without addition of embryo culture medium. However, blastocyst rates in co-culture were markedly lower than in conventional in vitro embryo production p...

The aim of the study was to compare the parthenogenetic activation and in vitro fertilization (IVF) of in vitro matured caprine oocytes. A total of 881 cumulus-oocyte complexes (COC’s) were collected from 243 ovaries. Oocytes were matured in TCM-199 medium containing eCG (20 IU/ml), hCG (20 IUμg/ml), oestradiol-17β (1 μg/ml), BSA embryo tested (3 mg/ml) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum ...

Isocupressic acid (ICA) [15-hydroxylabda-8 (17), 13E-dien-19-oic acid], a labdane diterpene acid, isolated from ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa), Lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta), common juniper (Juniperus communis) and Monterey cypress (Cupressus macrocarpa), induces abortion in pregnant cows when ingested primarily during the last trimester. The objective of this study was to investigate the e...

although the biokinetics, metabolism, and chemical toxicity of atorvastatin calcium are well known, until recently little attention was paid to the potential toxic effects of atorvastatin calcium on re-production and development in mammals. in recent years, it has been shown that atorvastatin calcium is a developmental toxicant when given orally or subcutaneously (sc) to mice. decreased fertili...

Biotechnology has proceeded much further in cats than in canines, although the pregnancy rate after in vitro maturation (IVM), IVC and embryo transfer (ET) is still relatively low. The use of AI with frozen-thawed semen as a breeding tool to overcome breeding incompatibility or to preserve male genetic material has been limited in felines in contrast to the situation in domestic dogs and foxes....

Bull effect on results of in vitro embryo production has been well documented. The aim of the present study was to find the relationship between quality of bull sperm chromatin and its effect on in vitro embryo production. Bovine in vitro matured oocytes were fertilized in vitro using capacitated spermatozoa (freshly ejaculated or frozen-thawed) of 12 bulls. Semen was simultaneously processed a...