The women’s sector in the academe is one of most affected profiles during COVID-19 pandemic which directly ravages their livelihood and other economic activities. Thus, this research project investigated situations 30 private public-school teachers who were displaced from occupations or forcibly deprived income-generating In-depth interviews as instruments employed study to extract responses on...

A significant amount of non-compliance associated with the personal income tax is due to the taxpayers who are not “in the system,” not having filed a tax return in the recent past or perhaps ever. We use experimental laboratory methods to examine two types of positive incentives for filing tax returns: tax credits and social safety net benefits, both of which are conditional on tax filing. Our...

The Canadian Centre for Policy Alternatives released a study in early January highlighting the growing income disparities between the richest and poorest Canadians. Income tax files from 2007 show that the average income of the top 1% of income earners was over $400,000 compared to about $44,000 for the average Canadian, almost a tenfold difference. Those who laboured at the minimum wage earned...

Over the past seventy years Congress has enacted dozens of tax and transfer programs, giving little if any attention to the marriage subsidies and penalties that they inadvertently impose. Although the programs affect both rich and poor Americans, the penalties fall most heavily on low- or moderate-income households with children. In this article, Adam Carasso and Eugene Steuerle review importa...

In the last three decades many developing and middle-income nations' health care systems have been financed via out-of-pocket payments by individuals. User fees charges, however, may not be the best approach or thenmost equitable approach to finance and/or reform health services in developing nations. This study investigates the status of Vietnam's current health system as a result of implement...

OBJECTIVE Excessive health expenditure (EHE) is a global issue for households suffering from high-cost medical conditions, low incomes and limited insurance coverage. After the international financial crisis of 2008, EHE became a social problem in developed countries. Such economic crisis might induce severe mental stress, resulting in suicidal ideation. METHODS We used the Korean Welfare Pan...

This study investigates the relationship between the socio-demographic characteristics of a sample of resident households and their behaviour towards environmental problems at Thetsane Industrial (TI) area, Lesotho. Using Logistic Regression Model and Descriptive Statistics on the set of data collected from a sample of 88 households in the TI area, the paper estimates factors that influence peo...

Prospective economic developments depend on the behavior of consumer spending. A key ques- tion is whether private expenditures recover once social distancing restrictions are lifted or COVID-19 crisis has a sustained impact confidence, preferences, and, hence, The elongated and profound experience may durably affect preferences. We conducted representative survey in five European countries sum...

The introduction of microfinance institutions is viewed as the best alternative source financial services for low-income earners a means to raise their income and reduce poverty. However, empirical research has indicated that majority institutions’ borrowers are over-indebted. Over-indebtedness negative consequences debtors, creditors, economy whole. Since over-indebtedness context-specific phe...

Disaster risks are becoming more prevalent in densely populated spaces such as informal settlements a result of unplanned urbanisation. Several scholars ascribe this condition to inadequate awareness spatial planning tools among settlers, these influence where and how they construct their buildings for disaster risk reduction. This study aimed at assessing the level reduction Mopani District, S...