This study aims to estimate the elasticity of taxable income (ETI) with regard net-of-tax rate, precisely in terms potential for margin arising from behavioral response. We use panel data top Japanese taxpayers Tokyo during 1986–1989 and focus on tax policy changes caused by 1987–1989 comprehensive reform, which substantially reduced marginal rates. It is found that ETI rate approximately 0.158...

Abstract The paper examines the impact of trade credit on cyclical fluctuations in international trade. It provides new empirical evidence based firm-level UK and Irish data showing that exporters use more actively intensively than non-exporters. study introduces inter-firm lending into an open economy general equilibrium model with heterogeneous firms endogenous entry exports market. demonstra...

This paper furthers and updates the research on nature of so-called global trade slowdown. Not only do we explain discuss determinants this phenomenon, but also offer an empirical description recent evolution elasticity. With purpose testing whether is a structural phenomenon or not, build Error Correction Model for both world regional data income using from World Bank period 1970-2017. World, ...

P to the historical fertility transition, which took place in most of Europe and North America between the late eighteenth and early twentieth centuries, married women could expect eight or more births. Today many women do not have children at all. For centuries, the elasticity of fertility with respect to incomes was positive. Today it is zero or even negative. The fertility transition forms a...