Somaclonal variation, aneuploidy, and genotypic specificity are major limitations of anther culture and bread wheat x Hordeum bulbosum crosses for producing haploids (n=3x=21, ABD). Sexual combinations of wheat x Zea mays have since emerged as an alternate and significant procedure as wheat genotypic specificity does not exist. This procedure has been refined and simplified over the last decade...

Brassinosteroids (BRs) are essential for many biological processes in plants, however, little is known about their roles in early fruit development. To address this, BR levels were manipulated through the application of exogenous BRs (24-epibrassinolide, EBR) or a BR biosynthesis inhibitor (brassinazole, Brz) and their effects on early fruit development, cell division, and expression of cyclin ...

Bunch thinning is one of the main cultural practices that enhance fruit quality. Hand thinning of date palm bunches is tedious and can not be implemented on a large scale. In this study, the cytokinin derivative CPPU [Nchloro4 pyridyl) N-phenyl urea] and fine mist of water were used 2 days prior pollination as thinning agent via reducing fruit set of Barhi and Lulu cultivars in two separate stu...

pollination is the mechanical transfer of male pollen of a flower on the female stigma.this process has a fundamental role to survive the plants species.since this process is invisible ,its importance has been ignored.insufficient pollination can be harmful for the farmer instead of being useful.pollination can be done via some ways.the most important ways are done by insects and wind.pistachio...

Most pears in Anhui Province are a kind of self-incompatible fruit whose quality is strongly influenced by the male pollen. The proteomic variation of Dangshan Su pollinated by different varieties was analysed using the isobaric tag for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) to investigate the effect of pollination by different varieties on the pear lignin pathway. Among the 3980 proteins i...

The ornate surfaces of male and female reproductive cells in flowering plants have long attracted attention for their variety and evolutionary significance. These structures, and the molecules involved in sexual interactions, remain among the most rapidly evolving and diverse characteristics known. As varied as they may be, each element takes part in performing the same functions, protecting po...

almond is one of the most important species of genus prunus. most almond cultivars and genotypes are self-incompatible and some of others are cross-incompatible. in this study compatibility and frequency pollen tube penetrate in the ovary were performed in three groups. the first group included the genotype a9.7 as female parent and tuono with genotypes a230, a10.11, a8.39 as male parents, the ...

Self-, cross- and non-pollinated styles of Petunia hybrida were treated with 3-3'-diaminobenzidine for the ultrastructural localization of peroxidase activity. Wall peroxidases were absent in cross-pollinated styles, but they were detectable as an osmiophilic deposit on the cell walls of the outer portion of the transmitting tissue in self- and non-pollinated styles. The cell layer showing pero...