The ability of whole body vibration (WBV) to increase energy expenditure (EE) has been investigated to some extent in the past using short-term single exercises or sets of single exercises. However, the current practice in WBV training for fitness is based on the execution of multiple exercises during a WBV training session for a period of at least 20 min; nevertheless, very limited and inconsi...

Previous work has demonstrated the importance of both naïve theories and statistical evidence to children’s causal reasoning. In particular, four-year-olds can use statistical evidence to update their beliefs. However, the story is more complex for three-year-olds. Although three-and-a-half-yearolds perform as well as four-year-olds when statistical evidence is theory-neutral, several studies s...

We describe the effort of the Microsoft Translator team to develop a Haitian Creole statistical machine translation engine from scratch in a matter of days. Haitian Creole presents a number of difficulties for devleoping an SMT system, principal among these is the lack of significant amounts of parallel training data and an inconsistent orthography, both of which lead to data sparseness. We dem...

Previous studies have shown inconsistent findings regarding how structured exercise affects energy expenditure (EE). This study was designed to determine the changes in EE and physical activity following exercise training in older women. Nonobese (body mass index = 25.8 ± 3.4 kg·m-2) women (60-75 years, n = 72) completed a 4-month supervised aerobic exercise training of lower- or higher-dose (3...

In this paper, I propose a genetic algorithm (GA) approach to instance selection in artificial neural networks (ANNs) for financial data mining. ANN has preeminent learning ability, but often exhibit inconsistent and unpredictable performance for noisy data. In addition, it may not be possible to train ANN or the training task cannot be effectively carried out without data reduction when the am...

Resolving inconsistent data is a problem of critical practical importance. Inconsistent data arises whenever an attribute takes on multiple, inconsistent, values. This may occur when a particular entity is stored multiple times in one database, or in multiple databases that are combined. We’ve developed an architecture and methodology that extends relational databases with support for systemati...

Shape from Silhouette (SfS) is the general term used to refer to the techniques that obtain a volume estimate from a set of binary images. In a first step, a number of images are taken from different positions around the scene of interest. Later, each image is segmented to produce binary masks, also called silhouettes, to delimit the objects of interest. Finally, the volume estimate is obtained...

A number of researchers and scholars have stressed the importance of disconfirmation in the quest for the development of scientific knowledge (e.g., Popper, 1959). Paradoxically, studies examining human reasoning in the laboratory have typically found that people display a confirmation bias in that they are more likely to seek out and attend to data consistent rather than data inconsistent with...