We conduct a laboratory experiment of second-price sealed bid auctions of a common value good with two bidders. Bidders face three different types of information: common uncertainty (unknown information), private information (known by one bidder) and public information (known by both bidders), and auctions differ on the relative importance of these three types of information. We find that subje...

In this paper we give a thorough presentation of a model proposed by Tononi et al. for modeling integrated information, i.e. how much information is generated in a system transitioning from one state to the next one by the causal interaction of its parts and above and beyond the information given by the sum of its parts. We also provides a more general formulation of such a model, independent f...

Please do not cite without permission The concept of 'tradition' is used in a range of different ways within studies of British politics. Despite this there have been only a few attempts to theorise notions of tradition within British political science. Furthermore the different concepts of tradition forwarded by conservatives, interpretivists and realists have each been contested. This paper e...

Iron deficiency is frequent among athletes. All types of iron deficiency may affect physical performance and should be treated. The main mechanisms by which sport leads to iron deficiency are increased iron demand, elevated iron loss and blockage of iron absorption due to hepcidin bursts. As a baseline set of blood tests, haemoglobin, haematocrit, mean cellular volume, mean cellular haemoglobin...

spinal cord injured (sci) patients have sexual disorders including erectile dysfunction (ed), impotence, priapism, ejaculatory dysfunction and infertility. treatments for erectile dysfunction include four steps. step 1 involves smoking cessation, weight loss, and increasing physical activity. step 2 is phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors (pde5i) such as sildenafil (viagra), intracavernous injec...

L formed by the above procedure is actually a linear code called the lexicode. Let dim(L) = k; then, step (3) is repeated 2 times. So, the dimension of the code is known after the algorithm finishes. However, starting with the all-zero vector 0, and repeating step (3) 2 times (using zero padding to the left of the already constructed codewords whenever necessary) gives us a lexicode of length n...