background: investigation of tuberculosis (tb)-specific indices including prevalence of tb, mortality of tb cases excluding hiv, hiv/tb mortality, incidence of tb (all forms), hiv/tb incidence as well as case detection and related trends is a crucial step in evaluation of program performance and strategies success. besides, estimating the number and time of change points for tb incidence can he...

Results. The results show that among girls the lifetime illicit drugs use increased statistically significantly from 2.5% in 1999 to 7.5% in 2003 and to 15% in 2011. Among boys the trend was also increasing, the prevalence of illicit drug use was 14.2% at T1, 18.1% at T2, and it increased dramatically to 30.6% at T3. The percentage of students reporting cannabis use was almost identical with th...

Fungal keratitis is one of the leading cause of ocular morbidity. Fungal keratitis possesses a clinical challenge due to its slow pathologic process, overlapping features, diagnostic difficulty, and potential complications. Its increasing trend can be attributed to the use of contact lens, non-judiciary corticosteroid, and vegetative trauma. Early diagnosis and treatment is the cornerstone for ...

Cigarette smoking continues to be a major public health problem that specifically affects the adolescent population. The prevalence of cigarette smoking among Iranian adolescents has been reported between 2.5 to 17.0% (1). Such a broad range is primarily due to the variety of the definition of “being a smoker”, the age difference of the samples under study and the location where such studies ha...

Natural and anthropogenic aerosols over northern India play an important role in influencing the regional radiation budget, causing climate implications to the overall hydrological cycle of South Asia. In the context of regional climate change and air quality, we discuss aerosol loading variability and trends at Kanpur AERONET station located in the central part of the Indo-Gangetic plains (IGP...

Connections between longest increasing subsequences in random permutations and eigenvalues of random matrices with complex entries have been intensely studied. This note applies properties of random elements of the finite general linear group to obtain results about the longest increasing subsequence in non-uniform random permutations.

During the last decade decade there has been a continually growing interest to the complex dusty plasma physics [1], [2]. A dusty plasma is a low temperature plasma with immersed dust grains of micrometer size. These grains are quickly charged under plasma exposition and become by a component of the plasma. The main features of this component are the very large and variable electric charge (up ...

Atmospheric dust aerosols affect the Earth’s climate by scattering and absorbing radiation and by modifying cloud properties. Recent experiments have indicated that electric fields produced in dusty phenomena such as dust storms and dust devils could enhance the emission of dust aerosols. However, the generation of electric fields in dusty phenomena is poorly understood. To address this problem...