With increasing Internet coverage, the use of a web-based survey for epidemiological study is a possibility. We performed an investigation in Japan in winter 2008 using the web-based daily questionnaire for health (WDQH). The WDQH is a web-based questionnaire survey formulated to obtain information about the daily physical condition of the general public on a real-time basis, in order to study ...

The purpose of this study was to examine how exercise level, exercise motives, and barriers changed from the baseline phase to the follow-up phase after a behavioural and cognitive intervention aimed at increasing exercise. Seventy-five members of our university community (43 subjects in the control group and 32 in the experimental group), all of whom received cognitive feedback, agreed to comp...

Models of collective action infrequently account for differences across individuals beyond a limited set of strategies, ignoring variation in endowment (e.g. physical condition, wealth, knowledge, personality, support), individual costs of effort, or expected gains from cooperation. However, behavioural research indicates these inter-individual differences can have significant effects on the dy...

OBJECTIVE Previous research has found that conscientiousness has positive associations with preventative health-related behaviors and self-perceived health, but little is known about the links between changes in these variables over time. In the present study, we examined how levels and changes in conscientiousness were linked to levels and changes in both preventative health-related behaviors ...

introduction: reflection is considered as a critical characteristic in professional competitions. despite propagation of reflection as an important educational issue and existence of several helpful patterns, instructions conducted by teachers to explaining and expanding of it, are very little. studies related to this topic were mainly performed in the field of nursing. therefore, we decided to...

This study explores a de-bias function for a decision support systems (DSS) that is designed to help a user avoid confirmation bias by increasing the user’s learning opportunities. Grounded upon the theory of mental models, the use of DSS is viewed as involving a learning process, whereby a user is directed to build mental models so as to reduce the tendency to consider only data that supports ...

Individual decision making in the context of a human organization is a complex process, which involves individual reasoning about own needs, capabilities and experiences, about the surrounding formal organization and (informal) social structures and processes. The context of individual decision making changes constantly due to organizational learning and change. Organizations learn via their in...

A precondition for the realization of the adaptive teaching process is a knowledge of the individual characteristics of learning, an understanding of the individual methods of learning and, through these, the selection and formation of a suitable teaching environment. Therefore the differences between students must be taken into consideration by the teacher. They are to be interpreted not only ...

This paper describes a method for reinforcing learning habits among students in the Computer Science and Information Systems department. On top of the sharp reduction in the number of enrolled students, there is an increase in the dropout rate that stems from poor learning habits. Strengthening learning habits can play a significant role in increasing students’ overall motivation and self-accou...

The single-agent multi-armed bandit problem can be solved by an agent that learns the values of each action using reinforcement learning. However, the multi-agent version of the problem, the iterated normal form game, presents a more complex challenge, since the rewards available to each agent depend on the strategies of the others. We consider the behavior of valuebased learning agents in this...