The clustering of propagating signals in indoor environments can influence the performance of multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems that employ multiple-element antennas at the transmitter and receiver. In order to clarify the effect of clustering propagation on the performance of indoor MIMO systems, we propose a simple and efficient indoor MIMO channel modeL The proposed model, which ...

Inhaling indoor air is the primary means by which humans are exposed to bioaerosols. Considering bacteria, fungi, and viruses, this study reviews the dynamic processes that govern indoor concentrations and fates of biological particulate material. Bioaerosol behavior is strongly coupled to particle size; this study emphasizes the range 0.1-10 μm in aerodynamic diameter. The principle of materia...

Introduction There are different national approaches to the analysis, processing and presentation of indoor radon data. Some of them were presented at the international workshop in Lausanne (IGAR 2005). EU radon surveys were compiled in JRC Ispra summary report (Dubois 2005). Swiss experience on indoor radon data treatment and mapping using geostatistical approaches (both interpolations and sim...

Vapor intrusion from affected soils and groundwater into overlying structures has been identified as a potential mechanism for human exposure to volatile organic chemicals (VOCs), including petroleum hydrocarbons. However, in many cases, background concentrations of organic vapors in indoor air, associated with household products, vehicles, or ambient air, can lead to incorrect conclusions rega...

IMPORTANCE Strong links between indoor tanning behavior and skin cancer have been demonstrated across several studies. Understanding the complex belief systems that underlie indoor tanning in young women is a crucial first step in developing interventions to deter this behavior. OBJECTIVES To develop and validate a comprehensive, multidimensional, theory-based outcome expectations measure to ...

In this study, the culturability of indoor and outdoor airborne fungi was determined through long-term sampling (24-h) using a Button Personal Inhalable Aerosol Sampler. The air samples were collected during three seasons in six Cincinnati area homes that were free from moisture damage or visible mold. Cultivation and total microscopic enumeration methods were employed for the sample analysis. ...

The adverse effects of contaminated outdoor air have been recognized and subject to control for many years. More recently environmental engineers and health professionals have become cognizant of the hazards associated with contaminated indoor air. It is now understood that contaminated indoor air negatively impacts human health, worker productivity, and physical property. Volatile organic comp...

OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship of airborne chemicals and the physical work environment risk element on the indoor air symptoms of nonindustrial workers. DESIGN A cross-sectional study consisting of 200 office workers. A random selection of 200 buildings was analyzed for exposure and indoor air symptoms based on a pilot study in the Klang Valley, Malaysia....

Indoor size-fractioned particulate matter (PM) was measured in seven schools in Milan, to characterize their concentration levels in classrooms, compare the measured concentrations with the recommended guideline values, and provide a preliminary assessment of the efficacy of the intervention measures, based on the guidelines developed by the Italian Ministry of Healthand applied to mitigate exp...