Private politics social pressure in led by social activists that use confrontational and cooperative strategies to cause firms to provide social benefits. This paper presents theories of the supply of social pressure by activists and the demand for social pressure as represented by the attractiveness of firms as targets and partners. A confrontational activist can drive potential targets into c...

The formal and informal structures of firms and their external linkages have an important bearing on the rate and direction of innovation. This paper explores the properties of different types of firms with respect to the generation of new technology. Various archetypes are recognized and an effort is made to match organization structure to the type of innovation. The framework is relevant to t...

T he fi eld of industrial organization has made dramatic advances over the last few decades in developing empirical methods for analyzing imperfect competition and the organization of markets. These new methods have diffused widely: into merger reviews and antitrust litigation, regulatory decision making, price setting by retailers, the design of auctions and marketplaces, and into neighboring ...

The US health care sector is large and growing – health care spending in 2011 amounted to $2.7 trillion and 18% of GDP. Approximately half of health care output is allocated via markets. In this paper, we analyze the industrial organization literature on health care markets focusing on the impact of competition on price, quality and treatment decisions for health care providers and health insur...

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In today's business environment in which coordination and adaptation with constant changes are the only ways of survival, real-time monitoring of activities and making the decisions accordingly are necessary. Since performance measurement cannot be managed independent of business processes, Business Activity Monitoring (BAM) systems should monitor performance metrics based on business processes...

As the Nation's largest managed-care purchaser, the Health Care Financing Administration (HCFA) is working to develop a uniform data and performance-measurement system for all enrollees in managed-care plans. This effort will ultimately hold managed-care plans accountable for continuous improvement in the quality of care they provide and will provide information to consumers and purchasers to m...

In this quasi-experimental study, we investigate whether bank branches implementing the Balanced Scorecard (BSC) outperform bank branches within the same banking organization on key financial measures. Although the BSC has gained popularity among managers as a performance measurement tool, little empirical evidence exists to substantiate claims that the BSC promotes superior financial performan...

The processes that clinicians use to deliver care to their patients often diverge from the evidence-based procedures recommended in clinical guidelines. Persuading clinicians to use evidence-based practices is vital, however, and many policymakers, insurance payers, and clinical leaders see performance measurement as an essential first step to accomplishing this. In performance measurement, res...