OBJECTIVE To investigate infant mortality and causes of infant death in relation to gestational age (GA) and birth weight for GA in non-malformed term and post-term infants. DESIGN Observational, retrospective nationwide cohort study. SETTING Sweden 1983-2006. PARTICIPANTS 2 152 738 singleton non-malformed infants born at 37 gestational weeks or later. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Infant, neon...

This paper presents an ecological analysis of the relationship between infant mortality and economic status by race in metropolitan Ohio, using census data on mother's residence, and economic status determined by the percentage of low income families living in each area. White-non-white comparisons for total infant mortality are examined for the US censuses of 1960, 1970, 1980 and 1990; and mor...

The study analyzes the spatial clustering and risk factors of infant mortality across high-focus states of India, using the Annual Health Survey (2010–2011), Census of India (2011), and District Level Household and Facility Survey-3 (2007–2008). Research has found substantial spatial autocorrelation across the districts and identified the “hot spots” characterized by higher infant mortality rat...

The aim of this study was to analyze the trend in infant mortality rates in the State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, from 1994 to 2004, in a longitudinal ecological study, by means of panel data analysis and multilevel linear regression (two levels: microregion and time) to estimate factors associated with infant mortality. The infant mortality rate decreased from 19.2 per thousand (1994) to 13....

We study whether the relationship between the state unemployment rate at the time of conception and infant health, infant mortality and maternal characteristics in the United States has changed over the years 1980-2004. We use microdata on births and deaths for years 1980-2004 and find that the relationship between the state unemployment rate at the time of conception and infant mortality and b...

The evolution of infant mortality in Belgium during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries has been thoroughly analysed for the last twenty years (Poulain and Tabutin, 1997 and 1980; Masuy-Stroobant, 1983 and 1984). But analysis of the mortality decline during the very early months of life has been neglected. In this article, we locate where this decline occurred, we trace the pace of this evol...

BACKGROUND Although measuring socioeconomic inequality in population health indicators like infant mortality is important, more interesting for policy purposes is to try to explain infant mortality inequality. The objective of this paper is to quantify for the first time the determinants' contributions of socioeconomic inequality in infant mortality in Iran. METHODS A nationally representativ...

OBJECTIVE To correlate international official data on Cesarean delivery rates to infant and maternal mortality rates and low weight-at-birth rates; and to test the hypothesis that Cesarean rates greater than 15% correlate to higher maternal and infant mortality rates. METHODS Analyses were based on the most recent official data (2000-2009) available for 193 countries. Exponential models were ...

BACKGROUND The Chernobyl disaster in 1986 and the breakup of the former Soviet Union (FSU) in 1991 challenged the public health infrastructure in the former Soviet republic of Belarus. Because infant mortality is regarded as a sensitive measure of the overall health of a population, patterns of neonatal and postneonatal deaths were examined within the Mogilev region of Belarus between 1980 and ...