Previous studies demonstrated a significant reduction of ultimate infarct size in the canine heart by the combined administration of superoxide dismutase plus catalase. This study was performed to assess the independent effects of each enzyme on ultimate infarct size due to ischemia/reperfusion. Dogs received 2-hour infusions of superoxide dismutase, catalase, or albumin (controls) via the left...

OBJECTIVE To investigate the cardioprotective effects of isoflurane and exendin-4 against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury and the signaling pathways through which these effects are mediated. MATERIALS AND METHODS For infarct size measurements, anesthetized mice were subjected to 30 min of coronary artery occlusion followed by 2 h of reperfusion. Wild-type or caveolin-3 knockout mice re...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Besides classic criteria, cerebral perfusion imaging could improve patient selection for thrombolytic therapy. The purpose of this study was to compare quantitative perfusion CT imaging and qualitative diffusion- and perfusion-weighted MRI (DWI and PWI) in acute stroke patients at the time of their emergency evaluation. METHODS Thirteen acute stroke patients underwent p...

Reactive oxygen species such as the superoxide anion (.O2-) have recently been implicated as important agents involved in causing cell death in the setting of myocardial ischemia and reperfusion. When superoxide anion is involved in ischemic injury the administration of superoxide dismutase (SOD) may limit infarct size by reducing the level of superoxide anions in the myocardium. The study desc...

BACKGROUND The circadian clock influences a number of cardiovascular (patho)physiological processes including the incidence of acute myocardial infarction. A circadian variation in infarct size has recently been shown in rodents, but there is no clinical evidence of this finding. OBJECTIVE To determine the impact of time-of-day onset of ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) on in...

In November, 2014, the average time from submission to first decision for all original research papers submitted to Circulation Research was 13.96 days. ABSTRACT Rationale: Pre-clinical evidence demonstrates that inorganic nitrite, following its in situ conversion to nitric oxide, attenuates consequent myocardial reperfusion injury. Objective: We investigated whether intra-coronary injection of...

The Animal Models for Protecting Ischemic Myocardium Study was undertaken for the purpose of developing reproducible animal models that could be used to assess interventions designed to limit infarct size. This paper describes the results obtained in an unconscious dog model and in a conscious dog model, developed in three participating laboratories. The unconscious dog model, involving reperfu...

RATIONALE Preclinical evidence demonstrates that inorganic nitrite, after its in situ conversion to nitric oxide, attenuates consequent myocardial reperfusion injury. OBJECTIVE We investigated whether intracoronary injection of nitrite during primary percutaneous coronary intervention might improve infarct size in ST-elevated myocardial infarction. METHODS AND RESULTS Patients undergoing pr...

AIMS Global angiographic scores have been developed to determine the extent of myocardium jeopardized by significant coronary stenosis. We adapted these scores to quantify the anatomic area at risk during acute myocardial infarction. We used contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance (CMR) infarct imaging to measure the portion of myocardium that developed necrosis within the so defined angiographic ...

INTRODUCTION – Therapeutic studies in small animal models of myocardial infarction (MI) often rely on ex vivo infarct size as an efficacy endpoint. Recently, measurement of in vivo cardiac function using MRI has become a popular method to monitor treatment effects in addition to infarct size measurement. In chronic MI, infarct size has been shown to closely correlate to deterioration in cardiac...