We document the first case of haematogenous cerebral spread in Rhizopus arrhizus rhino-orbital mucormycosis, and of posaconazole related adrenal insufficiency. A patient presenting with diabetic ketoacidosis and sinusitis was treated with right medial maxillectomy, ethmoidectomy and IV liposomal amphotericin. Orbital exenteration was performed after intraorbital spread of infection. IV caspofun...

BACKGROUND Porous polyethylene implants are commonly used in orbital blowout fracture repair because of purported biocompatibility, durability, and low frequency of complications. Delayed inflammation related to porous polyethylene sheet implants is very rare and no case series of this condition have been reported. CASE PRESENTATION This is a retrospective review of clinical presentations, ra...

(Fig 4D). The osseous anatomy of the orbital apex may be difficult to conceptualize because of the different shapes and orientations of the optic canal, superior and inferior orbital fissures, and foramen rotundum. However, knowing this anatomy is crucial to evaluate complex fractures, tumors, and inflammatory processes involving the orbital apex. Evaluating osseous anatomy of the orbital apex ...

The infra-temporal fossa (ITF) contains major vessels and cranial nerves. It is divided into two regions: the retro-styloid region, which includes cranial nerves IX and XII, the jugular foramen, and the internal carotid artery; and the pre-styloid region, which includes the trigeminal and facial nerves [1]. The penetration of trans-orbital injuries is rarely observed in emergency departments, a...

We report a relatively rare case of an essentially isolated orbital roof "blow-in" fracture in a pediatric patient. A 13-year-old male presented with headache and nausea following blunt facial trauma sustained during a skate boarding accident. CT head revealed soft tissue swelling and an abnormal bony density in the superior, posterior right orbital region. Follow-up CT orbits revealed a commin...

OBJECTIVES To review the clinical features and recovery period of patients with blowout fractures of the inferior orbital wall treated surgically and to examine the differences between children and adults. DESIGN A retrospective study. SETTING Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Maryknoll General Hospital, Busan, Korea. Patients Medical records of 70 patients were reviewed: 16 patients were ...

Blowout fracture with entrapped orbital contents within the maxillary sinus is common due to fragility of inferior wall, but complete herniation eye globe extremely rare and emergent. Dealing such a case appears be real challenge for any ophthalmologist. We herein present 31-year-old woman entire eyeball missing from orbit following road traffic accident. Imaging revealed into sinus. The patien...

Purpose To review the physiology, presentation and management of the oculocardiac reflex (OCR) by describing a case of the OCR associated with an orbital foreign body and complete ocular prolapse through a large orbital floor fracture in a 40-year-old male following a motor vehicle accident. Observations The patient demonstrated marked bradycardia and hypotension necessitating intubation and ...

Four patients with orbital blowout fractures were evaluated by surface coil MR imaging, and the resulting images were compared with computer reformatted CT scans. The surface coil afforded significant improvement in spatial resolution, resulting in better demonstration of the blowout fracture. Surface coil MR was found superior to CT in the assessment of fracture site, extent of prolapsed orbit...