Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease which affects myelin in the central nervous system (CNS) and leads to serious disability. Currently available treatments for MS mainly suppress the immune system. Regenerative medicine-based approaches attempt to increase myelin repair by targeting endogenous progenitors or transplanting stem cells or their derivatives. Fingolimod exerts anti-inf...

Immunosenescence is the degeneration of immunological organs and cells due to aging. Some plants fungi may have anti-aging benefits through regulating immunosenescence. In this study, mice were fed with two dietary supplement products: Zeng Jian Health Tonic (ZJ) contains extracts from Lentinula edodes, Poria cocos, Tremella fuciformis, cassia seed, Flammulina velutipes, Fructus lycii, chrysant...

stem cells are undifferentiated cells with the ability of proliferation, regeneration, conversion to differentiated cells and producing various tissues. stem cells are divided into two categories of embryonic and adult. in another categorization stem cells are divided to totipotent, multipotent and unipotent cells. so far usage of stem cells in treatment of various blood diseases has been studi...

Abstract In COVID-19, immune responses are key in determining disease severity. However, cellular mechanisms at the onset of inflammatory lung injury SARS-CoV-2 infection, particularly involving endothelial cells, remain ill-defined. Using Syrian hamsters as a model for moderate we conduct detailed longitudinal analysis systemic and pulmonary responses, corroborate it with datasets from COVID-1...

objective: gelatinases are a large group of proteolytic enzymes that belong to the matrix metalloproteinases (mmps). mmps are a broad family of peptidases, which proteolyse the extracellular matrix and have an important role in inflammation. verapamil is a calcium channel blocker extensively used in the treatment of numerous cardiovascular diseases such as arrhythmia and hypertension. the anti-...

Background: Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease affecting large and medium arteries. CD4+ T cells are known to play a role in the progression of the disease. CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ natural Treg (nTreg) cells seem to have a protective role in the disease and their reduction in acute coronary syndrome is recently shown. Objective: To investigate the frequency of nTreg subsets in the pe...

background and objective: smoking can be associated with the decreasing gingival blood flow and epithelial changes. the aim of this study was to evaluate the histopathological changes of gingival epithelium and connective tissue in smokers. methods: the study was case-control. sixty male patients (28 smokers and 32 nonsmokers) suffering chronic periodontitis were participated in the study. peri...

one of the inflammatory mediators which is secreted by inflammatory cells is high-mobility group protein b1 (hmgb1). interaction of hmgb1 and toll-like receptors (tlrs) leads to increased production of inflammatory cytokines. on the other hand, it was shown that triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells (trem-1) also can be activated by tlrs, and its soluble form (strem-1) can be formed by...

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a complex, progressive neuroinflammatory disease associated with autoimmunity. Currently, effective therapeutic strategy was poorly found in MS. Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) widely used to study the pathogenesis of Cumulative research have shown that bone marrow mesenchymal stem Cells (BMSCs) transplantation could treat EAE animal models, but mechan...