conclusions our results indicate that acetylation genes have an important role in aminoglycoside resistance of the enterococcus isolates from clinical samples. moreover, salmonella strains indicate very low level of aminoglycoside resistance, and aminoglycoside resistance genes were not found in salmonella isolates. these results indicate that other resistance mechanisms, including efflux pumps...

background systemic candidiasis is a major public health concern. in particular, in immunocompromised people, such as patients with neutropenia, patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids) and cancer who are undergoing antiballistic chemotherapy or bone marrow transplants, and people with diabetes. since the clinical signs and symptoms are nonspecific, early diagnosis is often diff...

Cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) is involved in the production of prostaglandins that sustain inflammatory process. Inflammatory cells release a number reactive species. Furthermore, oxygen species can initiate intracellular signaling cascades and enhance expression pro-inflammatory genes. The objective was to study cyclooxygenase protein denaturation inhibition antioxidant activity ten extracts from f...

The mechanisms by which IFN-γ activates expression of interferon-stimulated genes that have inflammatory and host defense functions are well understood. In contrast, little is known about how IFN-γ represses gene expression. By using transcriptomic and epigenomic analysis, we found that stable repression of a small group of genes by IFN-γ is associated with recruitment of the histone methyltran...

Several biomedical applications, such as xenotransplantation, require multiple genes simultaneously expressed in eukaryotic cells. Advances in genetic engineering technologies have led to the development of efficient polycistronic vectors based on the use of the 2A self-processing oligopeptide. The aim of this work was to evaluate the protective effects of the simultaneous expression of a novel...

Background: Crohn's disease and Ulcerative colitis are known as inflammatory bowel disease with high morbidity which are as a result of increasing immune responses to intestinal microbiota in genetically susceptible individuals. The association of adherent invasive Escherichia coli with Crohn's disease in human has been discussed for decades. The principal aim of this study was to assess the re...

conclusions it seems that besides the variety and prevalence of blatem and blactx, enormous mechanisms such as porin and leaking systems (efflux pumps) are responsible for the information of the a. baumannii resistance to disinfectants. the study on an accurate consideration of the resistance in strains and other microorganisms is advised. results in the current study, 131 a. baumannii isolates...

in spite of their key role in various immunological processes occurring in the endometrium, t cells- especially + subtype- residing in this mucosal tissue, have not been extensively explored. we present here the profile of expressed genes for variable region of chain of t cell receptor (tcr) in normal endometrium as compared to peripheral blood. samples from endometrium were taken from norm...

blast (magnaporthe grisea) is the most important disease of rice in mazandaran province, north of iran, which causes severe damages annually on susceptible cultivars. tarom mahalli is a local aromatic cultivar with high cooking quality and marketability, but very susceptible to blast. to protect this cultivar and similar susceptible cultivars against rice blast, farmers have to use high amounts...

background: the purpose of this study was to describe the association of mthfr gene single nucleotide polymorphisms (c677t and a1298c) and maternal supplementary folate intake with orofacial clefts in the iranian population. methods: in this case-control study, peripheral venous blood was taken from 65 patients with orofacial clefts and 215 unaffected controls for dna extraction and kept in edt...