The detection of an optical signal using a photonic mixer device (PMD) as an alternative to the PIN photodiode for a high-speed infrared link is discussed. The PMD, at its linear range, is characterized as a correlator detector. The functionality of this PMD for a better Signal-to-Noise Ratio is described. With an improved mixing efficiency and photosensitive area, the PMD will replace the use ...

In this article, we discuss an uncooled infrared IR detector based on an “arch-type” design realized with advanced microelectromechanical systems technology. Bimaterial microcantilevers undergo bending as their temperature changes due to the absorption of infrared photons. The bending is proportional to dissimilar thermal expansion of the two different materials composing the cantilever. We sel...

We have compared the effect of increasing optode separation (range 0.7-5.5 cm) on the sensitivity of near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) to discrete reductions in scalp and cerebral oxygenation in 10 healthy men (mean age 32, range 26-39 yr) using multichannel NIRS. During cerebral oligaemia (a mean reduction in middle cerebral artery flow velocity of 47%) induced by a mean reduction in end-tidal...

We demonstrate the monolithic integration of a mid-infrared laser and detector utilizing a bi-functional quantum cascade active region. When biased, this active region provides optical gain, while it can be used as a detector at zero bias. With our novel approach we can measure the light intensity of the laser on the same chip without the need of external lenses or detectors. Based on a bound-t...