PURPOSE Cardiopulmonary bypass is known to alter propofol pharmacokinetics in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. However, few studies have evaluated the impact of these alterations on postoperative pharmacodynamics. This study was designed to test the hypothesis that changes in propofol pharmacokinetics increase hypnotic effects after cardiopulmonary bypass. METHODS Twenty patients schedule...

: This review summarizes the technologies in use and in the pipeline for the management of diabetes. The review focuses on glucose meters, continuous glucose monitoring devices, insulin pumps, and getting clinicians connected to technologies. All information presented can be found in the public domain, and was obtained from journal articles, websites, product review tables in patient publicatio...

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to determine whether the use of meal bolus alarms would result in fewer missed meal boluses per week in youth with type 1 diabetes using continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) therapy. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS This was a randomized trial of 48 youth using CSII, who were in suboptimal glycemic control with HbA(1c) (A1C) values > or =8.0%. Twenty-...

BACKGROUND Goal-directed therapy guidelines for pediatric septic shock resuscitation recommend fluid delivery at speeds in excess of that possible through use of regular fluid infusion pumps. In our experience, syringes are commonly used by health care providers (HCPs) to achieve rapid fluid resuscitation in a pediatric fluid resuscitation scenario. At present, it is unclear which syringe size ...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES In the past, time, cost, information, training, and the evaluation of the plane of anesthesia limited the acceptance of total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA). The objective of this study was to determine the attitude of anesthesiologists and other anesthesiology residents regarding total intravenous anesthesia. METHODS A questionnaire was sent to 150 anesthesiologists ...

Type 1 diabetes is one of the most common endocrine and metabolic conditions in childhood. Treatment is life-saving and lifelong, it is painful and time-consuming, it interferes with daily life, requires self-discipline and a balanced diet. Many children and adolescents are unable to cope emotionally with their diabetes, diabetes causes them embarrasment, results in discrimination and limits so...

Imagine that you are a health insurance company executive whose task is to decide whether to reimburse the costs for a new diabetes technology. Unlike other chronic diseases, diabetes requires multiple daily decisions by the client to maintain a path between the twin chasms of hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia that can lead to unwanted and costly consequences for your company. The manufacturer of ...

BACKGROUND Subcutaneous terbutaline (SQ terbutaline) infusion by pump is used in pregnant women as a prolonged (beyond 48-72 h) maintenance tocolytic following acute treatment of preterm contractions. The effectiveness and safety of this maintenance tocolysis have not been clearly established. We aimed to systematically evaluate the effectiveness and safety of subcutaneous (SQ) terbutaline infu...

OBJECTIVES To compare the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of youths on injection regimens to those prescribed insulin pump therapy and examine factors related to HRQOL in youths with type 1 diabetes. METHODS An ethnically diverse group of youths (n = 160, ages 5-17 years) with type 1 diabetes and their caretakers completed family, parent, and child adjustment measures, as well as measu...

Current methods of drug dosing rely on physical parameters (such as sex, age and weight) that do not account for genetic and physiological differences among individual patients. These differences can greatly affect how drugs are processed in the body and can result in ineffective underdosing or toxic overdosing. Here, we describe a generalizable closed-loop system consisting of a biosensor, con...