Because of their vast diversity, measured by both numbers of species as well as life history traits, insects defy comprehensive conservation planning. Thus, almost all insect conservation efforts target individual species. However, serious insect conservation requires goals that are set at the faunal level and conservation success requires strategies that conserve intact communities. This task ...

Insect herbivores are considered vulnerable to extinctions of their plant hosts. Previous studies of insect-damaged fossil leaves in the US Western Interior showed major plant and insect herbivore extinction at the Cretaceous-Palaeogene (K-T) boundary. Further, the regional plant-insect system remained depressed or ecologically unbalanced throughout the Palaeocene. Whereas Cretaceous floras had...

Classification of insect larvae circulating haemocytes is the subject of controversy, and the terminology used to designate each cellular type is often different from one species to another. However, a survey of the literature on insect haemocytes suggests that there are resemblances for most of the cell types and functions, in different insect species. In this review paper, we compare the stru...

Background: Today, the use of maggot therapy has become widespread due to the increase in chronic ulcers in the world. The recombinant production of secreted enzymes from these larvae is a novel non-invasive method for the treatment of chronic ulcers. Lucilia sericata (L. sericata) collagenase (MMP-1) has been expressed in insect cells. Collagenase is an enzyme that is widely used in clinical t...

background: both azadirachtin and rotenone, two botanical pesticides have shown inhibit the growth of cultured insect cells. the inhibitory effect of rotenone on cell growth is through disruption of electron transport chain, but exact mechanism of effect of azadirachtin on growth of cell is unknown. this study was carried out to compare the effect of these phytochemical on oxygen consumption by...

This chapter provides an overview of insect trapping and interpretation of trap captures for stored-product protection in bulk grain, food processing, and retail environments. The use of traps for detection, monitoring, and population estimation requires considerable knowledge of insect biology and appropriate trap use. Trap use is essential for development of meaningful integrated pest managem...

The field investigation during 2013-14 at Talwandi sabo, Punjab revealed that there are 19 insect pests identified from kharif crops whereas 13 insect pests were recorded from rabi crops. The 5 bio control agents and 2 ant species were recorded from agriculture field. In these Hemiptera and Lepidoptera are having maximum number of insect pests causing major damage to both kharif and rabi crops....

Each year billions of dollars are spent worldwide on insect control in agriculture [1]. Despite this expenditure, up to 40% of a crop can be lost to insect damage, particularly in developing countries [2]. Some of the most damaging insect species belong to the Lepidoptera, the second largest insect order comprised of moths and butterflies. The larval stage of moths cause major damage to an arra...

The baculovirus-insect cell system (BICS) has been widely used to produce many different recombinant proteins for basic research and is being used to produce several biologics approved for use in human or veterinary medicine. Early BICS were technically complex and constrained by the relatively primordial nature of insect cell protein glycosylation pathways. Since then, recombination has been u...