the cytosol plays a central role in the control of diverse activities in many excitable and non-excitable cells. Inositol trisphosphate receptors (InsP×R) and ryanodine receptors (RyR) represent the two major types of intracellular calcium release channel, and share considerable sequence and functional homology (Berridge, 1993; Taylor & Traynor, 1995). Most notably, the opening of both of these...

Inositol-based signaling molecules are central eukaryotic messengers and include the highly phosphorylated, diffusible inositol polyphosphates (InsPs) and inositol pyrophosphates (PP-InsPs). Despite the essential cellular regulatory functions of InsPs and PP-InsPs (including telomere maintenance, phosphate sensing, cell migration, and insulin secretion), the majority of their protein targets re...

A Mexican Committee of Nutrition Experts (MCNE) from the National Institute of Public Health (INSP), free from conflict of interest, established food content standards to place the front-of-package (FOP) logo on foods that meet these nutrition criteria. The objectives were to simulate the effect on nutrient intake in the Mexican adult population (20-59 years old) after replacing commonly consum...

Letters to the Editor will be published, if suitable, as space permits. They should not exceed 1000 words (typed double-spaced) in length and may be subject to editing or abridgment.ernier et al assessed the effects of calpain inhibition on angio-tensin (Ang) II–induced cardiovascular remodeling. 1 These authors used transgenic mice expressing high levels of calpastatin to inhibit Ang II– depen...

Ca(2+)-induced Ca(2+) release (CICR) from the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) occurs in smooth muscle as spontaneous SR Ca(2+) release or Ca(2+) sparks and, in some spiking tissues, as Ca(2+) release that is triggered by the activation of sarcolemmal Ca(2+) channels. Both processes display spatial localization in that release occurs at a higher frequency at specific subcellular regions. We have use...

We examined the effects of respiratory muscle work [inspiratory (W(r-insp)); expiratory (W(r-exp))] and arterial oxygenation (Sp(O(2))) on exercise-induced locomotor muscle fatigue in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Eight patients (FEV, 48 +/- 4%) performed constant-load cycling to exhaustion (Ctrl; 9.8 +/- 1.2 min). In subsequent trials, the identical exercise was r...

Myo-Inositol (Ins; see Fig. 1 ), one of nine distinct cyclohexanehexol isomers, is an essential dietary requirement for the growth of mice (Woolley, 1940) and is greatly concentrated in the milk of lactating mammals (Burton & Wells, 1974, 1976). Although not strictly a vitamin, as it can be synthesized from glucose by many eukaryotic cells (Eisenberg, 1967), yeast mutants which lack this synthe...

17O(p,p)17O elastic scattering cross sections were measured for the first time, on INSP SAFIR platform in Paris, using thin silica films prepared by thermal oxidation of Si under 17O2. The 17O content film was determined a combination ellipsometry and IBA measurements. yield elastically scattered protons from corresponding peak Elastic Backscattering spectra, with underlying signal reduced chan...

1. The effects of isoenzyme-selective inhibitors of phosphodiesterases PDE3 and PDE4 on cyclic AMP concentration, two indices of phosphoinositide hydrolysis, and contractile responses to spasmogens have been investigated in bovine tracheal smooth muscle (BTSM). 2. Neither the PDE3-selective inhibitor ORG 9935, nor the PDE4-selective inhibitor rolipram increased cyclic AMP levels in BTSM. Howeve...

We tested the effects of two enantiomers of a glutamate analogue, (trans)-1-aminocyclopentyl-1,3-dicarboxylate (t-ACPD), in striatal and cerebellar neurons in primary culture, as well as in Xenopus oocytes injected with cerebellar rat RNA. In the presence of MK-801, to avoid N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor activation, and 3 microM tetrodotoxin, both enantiomers [(1R,3S)- and (1S,3R)-t-ACPD] stimu...