Privacy-preserving (PP) applications allow users to perform online daily actions without leaking sensitive information. The PP scalar product (PPSP) is one of the critical algorithms in many private applications. state-of-the-art PPSP schemes use either computationally intensive homomorphic (public-key) encryption techniques, such as Paillier achieve strong security (i.e., 128 b) or random mask...

In this paper, we import tensor index notation including Einstein summation notation into programming by introducing two kinds of functions, tensor functions and scalar functions. Tensor functions are functions that contract the tensors given as an argument, and scalar functions are the others. As with ordinary functions, when a tensor function obtains a tensor as an argument, the tensor functi...

Recently it has been shown that smart cards as cryptographic devices are vulnerable to power attacks if they have no defence against them. Randomization on ECC scalar multiplication is one of the fundamental concepts in methods of defence against side-channel attacks. In this paper by using the randomization concept together with the NAF recoding algorithm, we propose an efficient countermeasur...

According to purists, visual experience can be exhaustively characterised in terms of a subject’s apparent perspective on external, public reality. Visual experience presents us (or if we are subject to illusion, apparently presents us) with aspects of the world beyond us—nothing more, nothing less. According to sensationalists, we cannot adequately characterise experience solely in terms of a ...

The neutral Higgs sector of the minimal supersymmetric standard model (MSSM) in explicit CP violation scenario is investigated at the one-loop level. Within the context of the effective potential formalism, the masses of the neutral Higgs bosons are calculated at the one-loop level by taking into account the contributions of the following loops of ordinary particles and superpartners: top quark...