Electromechanical nose-wheel steering systems give the Medium-haul air-crafts the needed maneuverability and durability. These air-crafts are of intermediate size. They must be able to utilize small airfields, having little or no service and maintenance facilities. During take-off, the nose-wheel steering keeps proper heading. Feedback from the nose-wheel heading is compared with the pilot comm...

Lubrication on sharp curves has been commonly adopted as a method of reducing friction between the wheel flange and rail gauge face to minimize wear and energy consumption. Additionally, lubrication between the running surface of the low-rail and the wheel tread has recently been recognized as a significant factor in reducing the likelihood of low-rail corrugation, squealing noise and rail gaug...

In movies or on TV, a wheel can seem to rotate backwards, due to the temporal subsampling inherent in the recording process (the wagon wheel illusion). Surprisingly, this effect has also been reported under continuous light, suggesting that our visual system, too, might sample motion in discrete "snapshots." Recently, these results and their interpretation have been challenged. Here, we investi...

This paper presents a novel controller built to exploit the physical behaviour of a simple dynamic system, namely a spinning wheel. The phenomenon of gyroscopic precession causes the instrument to slowly oscillate when it is spun quickly, providing the performer with proprioceptive feedback. Also, due to the mass of the wheel and tire and the resulting rotational inertia, it maintains a relativ...

We postulate that multi-wheel statically-stable mobile robots for operation in human environments are an evolutionary dead end. Robots of this class tall enough to interact meaningfully with people must have low centers of gravity, overly wide bases of support, and very low accelerations to avoid tipping over. Accordingly, we are developing an inverse of this type of mobile robot that is the he...

This paper introduces a novel method for slip angle estimation based on visually observing the traces produced by the wheels of a robot on soft, deformable terrain. The proposed algorithm uses a robust Hough transform enhanced by fuzzy reasoning to estimate the angle of inclination of the wheel trace with respect to the vehicle reference frame. Any deviation of the wheel track from the planned ...

objective: the aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the cleaning ability and instrumentation time of manual and rotary methods used for preparation of primary anterior teeth. materials and methods: forty-four primary anterior teeth were used in this experimental study. access cavities were prepared and india ink was injected into the canals. the samples were divided into three groups a...

This paper presents a novel controller built to exploit the physical behaviour of a simple dynamical system, namely a spinning wheel. The phenomenon of gyroscopic precession causes the instrument to slowly oscillate when it is spun quickly, providing the performer with proprioceptive feedback. Also, due to the mass of the wheel and tire and the resulting rotational inertia, it maintains a relat...